Baicalin attenuated Mycoplasma gallisepticum ‐induced immune impairment in chicken bursa of fabricius through modulation of autophagy and inhibited inflammation and apoptosis

作者：Muhammad Ishfaq, Wei Zhang, Yuhao Liu, Jian Wang, Zhiyong Wu, Syed WA Shah, Rui Li, Yusong Miao, Chunli Chen, Jichang Li · 发表于：Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1002/jsfa.10695 · 被引用次数：41 · 研究领域：Microbial infections and disease research、Aquaculture disease management and microbiota、Mycobacterium research and diagnosis

Abstract BACKGROUND Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is the primary etiologic agent of chronic respiratory disease in poultry. However, the mechanism underlying MG‐induced immune dysregulation in chicken is still elusive. Baicalin shows excellent anti‐bacterial, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐carcinogenic and anti‐viral properties. In the present study, the preventive effects of baicalin against immune impairment in chicken bursa of fabricius (BF) were studied in an MG infection model. RESULTS Histopathological examination showed increased inflammatory cell infiltrations and fragmented nuclei in the model group. Ultrastructural analysis revealed the phenomenon of apoptosis in bursal cells, along with the deformation of mitochondrial membrane and swollen mitochondria in the model group. However, these abnormal morphological changes were partially alleviated by baicalin. Meanwhile, baicalin treatment attenuated the level of proinflammatory cytokines, and suppressed nuclear factor‐kappa B expression at both protein and mRNA level. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick endlabeling assay showed extensive apoptosis in BF in the model group. The mRNA and protein expression levels of apoptosis‐related genes were upregulated in BF, while baicalin treatment significantly alleviated apoptosis in BF. In addition, alterations in mRNA and protein expression levels of autophagy‐related genes and mitochondrial dynamics proteins were significantly alleviated by baicalin. Moreover, ba...