Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Cosmological implications from two decades of spectroscopic surveys at the Apache Point Observatory

作者：Shadab Alam, M Aubert, S. Àvila, Christophe Balland, Julian Bautista, Matthew A. Bershady, Dmitry Bizyaev, Michael R. Blanton, A. Bolton, Jo Bovy, J. Brinkmann, Joel R. Brownstein, E. Burtin, Solène Chabanier, Michael J. Chapman, Peter Doohyun Choi, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Johan Comparat, Marie-Claude Cousinou, Andrei Cuceu, Kyle Dawson, Sylvain de la Torre, Arnaud de Mattia, Victoria de Sainte Agathe, Hélion du Mas des Bourboux, S. Escoffier, Thomas Etourneau, James R. Farr, Andreu Font-Ribera, Peter M. Frinchaboy, S. Fromenteau, Héctor Gil-Marín, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Alma X. Gonzalez-Morales, Violeta González-Pérez, Kathleen Grabowski, Julien Guy, A. J. Hawken, Jiamin Hou, Hui Kong, J.R. Parker, Mark A. Klaene, Jean‐Paul Kneib, S. Y. Lin, Daniel W. Long, Brad W. Lyke, Axel de la Macorra, Paul Martini, Karen L. Masters, Faizan G Mohammad, Jeongin Moon, Eva-Maria Mueller, A. Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Adam D. Myers, S. Nadathur, Richard Neveux, Jeffrey A. Newman, P. Noterdaeme, Audrey Oravetz, Daniel Oravetz, N. Palanque‐Delabrouille, Kaike Pan, Romain Paviot, Will J. Percival, Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols, Patrick Petitjean, Matthew M. Pieri, Abhishek Prakash, Anand Raichoor, C. Ravoux, Mehdi Rezaie, James Rich, Ashley J. Ross, Graziano Rossi, Rossana Ruggeri, V. Ruhlmann-Kleider, Ariel G. Sánchez, Javier Sánchez, José Sánchez-Gallego, Conor Sayres, Donald P. Schneider, Hee‐Jong Seo, Arman Shafieloo, Anže Slosar, A. G. Smith, Julianna Stermer, Amélie Tamone, Jeremy L. Tinker, Rita Tojeiro, M. Vargas-Magaña, Andrei Variu, Yuting Wang, Benjamin Alan Weaver, Anne-Marie Weijmans, Christophe Yèche, Pauline Zarrouk, Cheng Zhao, Gong‐Bo Zhao, Zheng Zheng · 发表于：Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1103/physrevd.103.083533 · 被引用次数：1398 · 研究领域：Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena、Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena、Cosmology and Gravitation Theories

We present the cosmological implications from final measurements of clustering using galaxies, quasars, and $\mathrm{Ly}\ensuremath{\alpha}$ forests from the completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) lineage of experiments in large-scale structure. These experiments, composed of data from SDSS, SDSS-II, BOSS, and eBOSS, offer independent measurements of baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements of angular-diameter distances and Hubble distances relative to the sound horizon, ${r}_{d}$, from eight different samples and six measurements of the growth rate parameter, $f{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}$, from redshift-space distortions (RSD). This composite sample is the most constraining of its kind and allows us to perform a comprehensive assessment of the cosmological model after two decades of dedicated spectroscopic observation. We show that the BAO data alone are able to rule out dark-energy-free models at more than eight standard deviations in an extension to the flat, $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ model that allows for curvature. When combined with Planck Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements of temperature and polarization, under the same model, the BAO data provide nearly an order of magnitude improvement on curvature constraints relative to primary CMB constraints alone. Independent of distance measurements, the SDSS RSD data complement weak lensing measurements from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) in demonstrating a preference for a flat $\mathrm{\en...