Equitable Resilience in Infrastructure Systems: Empirical Assessment of Disparities in Hardship Experiences of Vulnerable Populations during Service Disruptions

作者：Natalie Coleman, Amir Esmalian, Ali Mostafavi · 发表于：Natural Hazards Review · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1061/(asce)nh.1527-6996.0000401 · 被引用次数：153 · 研究领域：Disaster Management and Resilience、Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis、Flood Risk Assessment and Management

The objective of this study was to examine social inequality in exposure and hardship experienced by various groups due to infrastructure service disruptions in disasters. After more than two decades, the existing literature related to infrastructure resilience mainly focuses on system performance and considers the impacts of service disruptions to be equal for the public. The public, however, is not a monolithic entity, and different subpopulations have distinct needs and expectations of infrastructure systems. Thus, the same duration of service loss will not be experienced equally by the affected residents. Social subpopulations in a community have preexisting differences, or sociodemographic characteristics, which account for differential variations in disaster experience, and often socially vulnerable groups are disproportionally affected. Unfortunately, there is limited empirical information regarding inequity in the societal impacts of infrastructure service disruptions during disasters. This study addresses this knowledge gap by developing an equitable infrastructure resilience approach that integrates both the physical characteristics of the infrastructure systems and the sociodemographic characteristics that contribute to risk disparity experienced by individual households. The risk disparity was assessed by considering both the duration of the service disruptions (exposure) and people’s ability to withstand disruptions (zone of tolerance). The study investigated emp...