Treatment effect prediction for sarcoma patients treated with preoperative radiotherapy using radiomics features from longitudinal diffusion-weighted MRIs

作者：Yu Gao, Anusha Kalbasi, William Hsu, Dan Ruan, Jie Fu, Jiaxin Shao, Minsong Cao, Chenyang Wang, Fritz C. Eilber, Nicholas M. Bernthal, Susan V. Bukata, Sarah Dry, Scott D. Nelson, Mitchell Kamrava, John H. Lewis, Daniel A. Low, Michael L. Steinberg, Peng Hu, Yingli Yang · 发表于：Physics in Medicine and Biology · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1088/1361-6560/ab9e58 · 被引用次数：61 · 研究领域：Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment、Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging、Bone Tumor Diagnosis and Treatments

The objective of this study was to explore radiomics features from longitudinal diffusion-weighted MRIs (DWIs) for pathologic treatment effect prediction in patients with localized soft tissue sarcoma (STS) undergoing hypofractionated preoperative radiotherapy (RT). Thirty patients with localized STS treated with preoperative hypofractionated RT were recruited to this longitudinal imaging study. DWIs were acquired at three time points using a 0.35 T MRI-guided radiotherapy system. Treatment effect score (TES) was obtained from the post-surgery pathology as a surrogate of treatment outcome. Patients were divided into two groups based on TES. Response prediction was first performed using a support vector machine (SVM) with only mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) or delta ADC to serve as the benchmark. Radiomics features were then extracted from tumor ADC maps at each of the three time points. Logistic regression and SVM were constructed to predict the TES group using features selected by univariate analysis and sequential forward selection. Classification performance using SVM with features from different time points and with or without delta radiomics were evaluated. Prediction performance using only mean ADC or delta ADC was poor (area under the curve (AUC) < 0.7). For the radiomics study using features from all time points and corresponding delta radiomics, SVM significantly outperformed logistic regression (AUC of 0.91 ± 0.05 v.s. 0.85 ± 0.06). Prediction AUC values ...