Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction as an Early Identifier of COVID‐19 in Adults and Children: An International Multicenter Study

作者：Chenghao Qiu, Chong Cui, Charlotte Hautefort, Antje Haehner, Jun Zhao, Qi Yao, Hui Zeng, Eric J. Nisenbaum, Li Liu, Yu Zhao, Di Zhang, Corinna G. Levine, Ivette Cejas, Qi Dai, Mei Zeng, Philippe Herman, Clément Jourdaine, Katja de With, Julia Draf, Bing Chen, Dushyantha Jayaweera, James C. Denneny, Roy R. Casiano, Hongmeng Yu, Adrien A. Eshraghi, Thomas Hummel, Xuezhong Liu, Yilai Shu, Hongzhou Lu · 发表于：Otolaryngology · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1177/0194599820934376 · 被引用次数：179 · 研究领域：Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies、Long-Term Effects of COVID-19、Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of olfactory or gustatory dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter case series. SETTING: Five tertiary care hospitals (3 in China, 1 in France, 1 in Germany). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In total, 394 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19-positive patients were screened, and those with olfactory or gustatory dysfunction were included. Data including demographics, COVID-19 severity, patient outcome, and the incidence and degree of olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction were collected and analyzed. The Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) and visual analog scale (VAS) were used to quantify olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, respectively. All subjects at 1 hospital (Shanghai) without subjective olfactory complaints underwent objective testing. RESULTS: Of 394 screened subjects, 161 (41%) reported olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction and were included. Incidence of olfactory and/or gustatory disorders in Chinese (n = 239), German (n = 39), and French (n = 116) cohorts was 32%, 69%, and 49%, respectively. The median age of included subjects was 39 years, 92 of 161 (57%) were male, and 10 of 161 (6%) were children. Of included subjects, 10% had only olfactory or gustatory symptoms, and 19% had olfactory and/or gustatory complaints prior to any other COVID-19 symptom. Of subjects with objective olfactory testing, 10 of 90 demonstrated abnormal chemosensory functio...