Growth and resilience responses of Scots pine to extreme droughts across Europe depend on predrought growth conditions

作者：Arun K. Bose, Arthur Geßler, Andreas Bolte, Alessandra Bottero, Allan Buras, Maxime Cailleret, J. Julio Camarero, Matthias Haeni, Ana‐Maria Hereş, Andrea Hevia, Mathieu Lévesque, Juan Carlos Linares, Jordi Martínez‐Vilalta, Luis Matías, Annette Menzel, Raúl Sánchez‐Salguero, Matthias Saurer, M. Vennetier, Daniel Ziche, Andreas Rigling · 发表于：Global Change Biology · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1111/gcb.15153 · 被引用次数：243 · 研究领域：Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics、Tree-ring climate responses、Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies

Global climate change is expected to further raise the frequency and severity of extreme events, such as droughts. The effects of extreme droughts on trees are difficult to disentangle given the inherent complexity of drought events (frequency, severity, duration, and timing during the growing season). Besides, drought effects might be modulated by trees' phenotypic variability, which is, in turn, affected by long-term local selective pressures and management legacies. Here we investigated the magnitude and the temporal changes of tree-level resilience (i.e., resistance, recovery, and resilience) to extreme droughts. Moreover, we assessed the tree-, site-, and drought-related factors and their interactions driving the tree-level resilience to extreme droughts. We used a tree-ring network of the widely distributed Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) along a 2,800 km latitudinal gradient from southern Spain to northern Germany. We found that the resilience to extreme drought decreased in mid-elevation and low productivity sites from 1980-1999 to 2000-2011 likely due to more frequent and severe droughts in the later period. Our study showed that the impact of drought on tree-level resilience was not dependent on its latitudinal location, but rather on the type of sites trees were growing at and on their growth performances (i.e., magnitude and variability of growth) during the predrought period. We found significant interactive effects between drought duration and tree growth prior to...