Zero-noise extrapolation for quantum-gate error mitigation with identity insertions

作者：Andre He, Benjamin Nachman, Wibe A. de Jong, C. Bauer · 发表于：Physical Review A · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1103/physreva.102.012426 · 被引用次数：163 · 研究领域：Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture、Quantum Information and Cryptography、Quantum and electron transport phenomena

Quantum-gate errors are a significant challenge for achieving precision measurements on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers. This paper focuses on zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE), a technique that can be implemented on existing hardware, studying it in detail and proposing modifications to existing approaches. In particular, we consider identity insertion methods for amplifying noise because they are hardware agnostic. We build a mathematical formalism for studying existing ZNE techniques and show how higher order polynomial extrapolations can be used to systematically reduce depolarizing errors. Furthermore, we introduce a method for amplifying noise that uses far fewer gates than traditional methods. This approach is compared with existing methods for simulated quantum circuits. Comparable or smaller errors are possible with fewer gates, which illustrates the potential for empowering an entirely new class of moderate-depth circuits on near term hardware.