The High Content of Fructose in Human Semen Competitively Inhibits Broad and Potent Antivirals That Target High-Mannose Glycans

作者：Jacklyn Johnson, Manuel G. Flores, J. C. Rosa, Changze Han, Alicia M. Salvi, Kris A. DeMali, Jennifer R. Jagnow, Amy E. Sparks, Hillel Haim · 发表于：Journal of Virology · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1128/jvi.01749-19 · 被引用次数：21 · 研究领域：HIV Research and Treatment、Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments、Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research

Biological secretions allow viruses to spread between individuals. Each type of secretion has a unique composition of proteins, salts, and sugars, which can affect the infectivity potential of the virus and inhibition of this process. Here, we describe HIV-1 infection and inhibition in whole human seminal plasma and a synthetic simulant that we formulated. We discovered that the sugar fructose in semen decreases the activity of a broad and potent class of antiviral agents that target mannose sugars on the envelope protein of HIV-1. This effect of semen fructose likely reduces the efficacy of such inhibitors to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV-1. Our findings suggest that the preclinical evaluation of microbicides and vaccine-elicited antibodies will be improved by their in vitro assessment in synthetic formulations that simulate the effects of semen on HIV-1 infection and inhibition.