Immunoregulatory Effects of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Immune Cells

作者：Min Xie, Wei Xiong, Zhou She, Zaichi Wen, Amin Sheikh Abdirahman, Wuqing Wan, Chuan Wen · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2020.00013 · 被引用次数：142 · 研究领域：Extracellular vesicles in disease、MicroRNA in disease regulation、Circular RNAs in diseases

have sparked interest on the subject. As commonly known, EVs are subcellular components secreted by a paracellular mechanism and are essentially a group of nanoparticles containing exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. They are double-layer membrane-bound vesicles enriched with proteins, nucleic acids, and other active compounds. EVs are recognized as a novel apparatus for intercellular communication that acts through delivery of signal molecules. EVs are secreted by almost all cell types, including stem/progenitor cells. The EVs derived from stem/progenitor cells are analogous to the parental cells and inhibit or enhance immune response. This review aims to provide its readers a comprehensive overview of the possible mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory effects exerted by stem/progenitor cell-derived EVs upon natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes/macrophages, microglia, T cells, and B cells.