The landscape of immune microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma based on PD‐L1 expression and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes

作者：Lu Chen, Mianfu Cao, Xiang Zhang, Xiang Zhang, Weiqi Dang, Jingfang Xiao, Qing Liu, Yaoyao Tan, Yaoyao Tan, Senlin Xu, Sen-Lin Xu, Xiaohong Yao, You‐Hong Cui, Xia Zhang, Xia Zhang, Xiu‐Wu Bian · 发表于：Cancer Medicine · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1002/cam4.2580 · 被引用次数：58 · 研究领域：Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers、Immune Cell Function and Interaction、Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research

Abstract Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the tumor microenvironment immune types (TMIT) based on tumor cell programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression and tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) distribution and whether distinct TMIT subtypes (TMIT I, PD‐L1 high /TIL high ; TMIT II, PD‐L1 low /TIL low ; TMIT III, PD‐L1 high /TIL low ; and TMIT IV, PD‐L1 low /TIL high ) differentially affect clinical outcomes of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Methods and results Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied to evaluate the expression of PD‐L1 and the spatial distribution of programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) and CD8 TILs on the surgically resected specimens from 205 cases of LAC and 149 cases of SCC. PD‐1 and CD8 TILs were more frequently distributed in SCC than those in LAC, regardless of their infiltrating in the tumor islets or stroma. The density of TILs was a poor prognostic factor in LAC but a favorable one in SCC. PD‐L1 levels and its clinical prognostic significance differed in LAC vs SCC. LAC patients with TMIT III and SCC patients with TMIT I had the longest survival, respectively ( P = .0197 and .0049). Moreover, TMIT stratification based on tumor cell PD‐L1 expression and stromal CD8 + TILs could be considered as an independent prognostic factor of SCC patients' survival as determined by both univariate and multivariate analysis. Conclusion Our study indicates that different type of TMIT provides its specific micr...