Changes in the gut microbiota during and after commercial helium–oxygen saturation diving in China

作者：Yuan Yuan, Guosheng Zhao, Hongwei Ji, Bin Peng, Zhiguo Huang, Wei Jin, Xiaoqiang Chen, Haitao Guan, Guangsheng Tang, Hui Zhang, Zheng‐Lin Jiang · 发表于：Occupational and Environmental Medicine · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1136/oemed-2019-106031 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications、Oral microbiology and periodontitis research

Objectives The influence of commercial helium–oxygen saturation diving on divers’ gut microbiotas was assessed to provide dietary suggestion. Methods Faecal samples of 47 divers working offshore were collected before (T1), during (T2) and after (T3) saturation diving. Their living and excursion depths were 55–134 metres underwater with a saturation duration of 12–31 days and PaO2of 38–65 kPa. The faecal samples were examined through 16S ribosomal DNA amplicon sequencing based on the Illumina sequencing platform to analyse changes in the bacteria composition in the divers’ guts. Results Although the α and β diversity of the gut microbiota did not change significantly, we found that living in a hyperbaric environment of helium–oxygen saturation decreased the abundance of the genusBifidobacterium, an obligate anaerobe, from 2.43%±3.83% at T1 to 0.79%±1.23% at T2 and 0.59%±0.79% at T3. Additionally, the abundance of some short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, such asFusicatenibacter, Faecalibacterium, rectale group andAnaerostipes, showed a decreased trend in the order of before, during and after diving. On the contrary, the abundance of species, such asLactococcus garvieae,Actinomyces odontolyticus,Peptoclostridium difficile,Butyricimonas virosa,Streptococcus mutans,Porphyromonas asaccharolyticaandA. graevenitzii, showed an increasing trend, but most of them were pathogens. Conclusions Occupational exposure to high pressure in a helium–oxygen saturation environment de...