Rapid Differentiation of Asian and American Ginseng by Differential Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Using Stepwise Modulation of Gas Modifier Concentration

作者：Ri Wu, Xiangfeng Chen, Wei‐Jing Wu, Ze Wang, Yum‐Shing Wong, Y.-L. Winnie Hung, Ho Ting Wong, Minli Yang, Feng Zhang, T.‐W. Dominic Chan · 发表于：Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1007/s13361-019-02317-0 · 被引用次数：15 · 研究领域：Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications、Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies、Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis

This study reports a rapid and robust method for the differentiation of Asian and American ginseng samples based on differential ion mobility spectrometry-tandem mass spectrometry (DMS-MS/MS). Groups of bioactive ginsenoside/pseudo-ginsenoside isomers, including Rf/Rg 1 /F 11, Rb 2 /Rb 3 /Rc, and Rd/Re, in the ginseng extracts were sequentially separated using DMS with stepwise changes in the gas modifier concentration prior to MS analysis. The identities of the spatially separated ginsenoside/pseudo-ginsenoside isomers were confirmed by their characteristic compensation voltages at specific modifier loading and MS/MS product ions. As expected, Asian ginseng samples contained some Rf and an insignificant amount of F 11, whereas American ginseng samples had a high level of F 11 but no Rf. The origin of the whole and sliced ginseng could further be confirmed using the quantitative ratios of three sets of ginsenoside markers, namely, Rg 1 /Re, Rb 1 /Rg 1, and Rb 2 /Rc. Based on our results, new benchmark ratios of Rg 1 /Re < 0.15, Rb 1 /Rg 1 > 2.15, and Rb 2 /Rc < 0.26 were proposed for American ginseng (as opposed to Asian ginseng).