Functional and/or structural brain changes in response to resistance exercises and resistance training lead to cognitive improvements – a systematic review

作者：Fabian Herold, Alexander Törpel, Lutz Schega, Notger G. Müller · 发表于：European Review of Aging and Physical Activity · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1186/s11556-019-0217-2 · 被引用次数：351 · 研究领域：Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research、Traumatic Brain Injury Research、Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies

BACKGROUND: During the aging process, physical capabilities (e.g., muscular strength) and cognitive functions (e.g., memory) gradually decrease. Regarding cognitive functions, substantial functional (e.g., compensatory brain activity) and structural changes (e.g., shrinking of the hippocampus) in the brain cause this decline. Notably, growing evidence points towards a relationship between cognition and measures of muscular strength and muscle mass. Based on this emerging evidence, resistance exercises and/or resistance training, which contributes to the preservation and augmentation of muscular strength and muscle mass, may trigger beneficial neurobiological processes and could be crucial for healthy aging that includes preservation of the brain and cognition. Compared with the multitude of studies that have investigated the influence of endurance exercises and/or endurance training on cognitive performance and brain structure, considerably less work has focused on the effects of resistance exercises and/or resistance training. While the available evidence regarding resistance exercise-induced changes in cognitive functions is pooled, the underlying neurobiological processes, such as functional and structural brain changes, have yet to be summarized. Hence, the purpose of this systematic review is to provide an overview of resistance exercise-induced functional and/or structural brain changes that are related to cognitive functions. METHODS AND RESULTS: A systematic literatur...