Observing System Evaluation Based on Ocean Data Assimilation and Prediction Systems: On-Going Challenges and a Future Vision for Designing and Supporting Ocean Observational Networks

作者：Yosuke Fujii, Élisabeth Rémy, Hao Zuo, Peter R. Oke, George R. Halliwell, Florent Gasparin, Mounir Benkiran, Nora Loose, James Cummings, Jiping Xie, Yan Xue, Shuhei Masuda, G. C. Moore Smith, Magdalena Balmaseda, Cyril Germineaud, Daniel J. Lea, Gilles Larnicol, Laurent Bertino, Antonio Bonaduce, Pierre Brasseur, Craig Donlon, Patrick Heimbach, Young Ho Kim, Villy Kourafalou, Pierre‐Yves Le Traon, Matthew Martin, Shastri Paturi, B. Tranchant, Norihisa Usui · 发表于：Frontiers in Marine Science · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.3389/fmars.2019.00417 · 被引用次数：105 · 研究领域：Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes、Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations、Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing

This paper demonstrates the value of Observing System Evaluation (OS-Eval) efforts which have been made or are ongoing to contribute to observing system review and design with the support of Ocean Data Assimilation and Prediction (ODAP) communities such as GODAE OceanView and CLIVAR-GSOP, by highlighting examples that illustrate the potential of the related OS-Eval methodologies and recent achievements. For instance, Observing System Experiment (OSE) studies illustrate the impacts of the severe decrease in the number of TAO buoys during 2012-2014 and TRITON buoys since 2013 on ODAP system performance. Multi-system evaluation of the impacts of assimilating satellite sea surface salinity data based on OSEs has been performed to demonstrate the need to continue and enhance satellite salinity missions. Impacts of underwater gliders have been assessed using Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) to provide guidance on effective coordination of the western North Atlantic observing system elements. OSSEs are also being performed under H2020 AtlantOS project with the goal to enhance and optimize the Atlantic in-situ networks. Potential of future satellite missions of wide-swash altimetry and surface ocean currents monitoring is explored through OSSEs and evaluation of Degrees of Freedom for Signal (DFS). Forecast Sensitivity Observation Impacts (FSOI) are routinely evaluated for monitoring the ocean observation impacts in the US Navy’s ODAP system. Perspective on the extensi...