Global impact of rotavirus vaccine introduction on rotavirus hospitalisations among children under 5 years of age, 2008–16: findings from the Global Rotavirus Surveillance Network

作者：Negar Aliabadi, Sébastien Antoni, Jason M. Mwenda, Goitom Weldegebriel, Joseph Biey, Dah Cheikh, Kamal Fahmy, Nadia Teleb, Hossam Ashmony, Hinda Ahmed, Danni Daniels, Dovile Videbaek, Annemarie Wasley, Simarjit Singh, Lúcia Helena de Oliveira, Gloria Rey-Benito, N. Jennifer Sanwogou, Pushpa Ranjan Wijesinghe, Jayantha Liyanage, Batmunkh Nyambat, Varja Grabovac, James D. Heffelfinger, Kimberley Fox, Fem Julia Paladin, Tomoka Nakamura, Mary Agócs, Jillian Murray, Thomas Cherian, Catherine Yen, Umesh D. Parashar, Fatima Serhan, Jacqueline E. Tate, Adam L. Cohen · 发表于：The Lancet Global Health · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1016/s2214-109x(19)30207-4 · 被引用次数：213 · 研究领域：Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology、Infection Control and Ventilation、Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety

BACKGROUND: Rotavirus vaccine use in national immunisation programmes has led to declines in hospital admissions for rotavirus gastroenteritis among children; however, the global impact of rotavirus vaccine introduction has not been described using primary data. We describe the impact of rotavirus vaccine introduction on admissions for acute rotavirus gastroenteritis in primarily low-income and middle-income countries, using 9 years of data from the WHO-coordinated Global Rotavirus Surveillance Network (GRSN). METHODS: Between Jan 1, 2008, and Dec 31, 2016, children younger than 5 years of age who were admitted to hospital with acute gastroenteritis were prospectively enrolled in GRSN sites. We included sites that enrolled children and collected stool specimens monthly and tested at least 100 specimens annually in the impact analysis, with a separate analysis taking into account site continuity. We compared proportions of acute gastroenteritis cases positive for rotavirus in the pre-vaccine and post-vaccine periods and calculated mean proportion changes for WHO regions, with 95% CIs; these findings were then compared with interrupted time series analyses. We did further sensitivity analyses to account for rotavirus vaccination coverage levels and sites that collected specimens for at least 11 months per year and tested at least 80 specimens per year. We also analysed the age distribution of rotavirus-positive cases before and after vaccine introduction. FINDINGS: 403 140 chil...