The challenge of antimicrobial resistance: What economics can contribute

作者：Laurence Roope, Richard Smith, Koen B. Pouwels, James Buchanan, Lucy Abel, Peter Eibich, Christopher Butler, Pui San Tan, A. Sarah Walker, Julie V. Robotham, Sarah Wordsworth · 发表于：Science · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1126/science.aau4679 · 被引用次数：575 · 研究领域：Antibiotic Use and Resistance、Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy、Global Maternal and Child Health

As antibiotic consumption grows, bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to treatment. Antibiotic resistance undermines much of modern health care, which relies on access to effective antibiotics to prevent and treat infections associated with routine medical procedures. The resulting challenges have much in common with those posed by climate change, which economists have responded to with research that has informed and shaped public policy. Drawing on economic concepts such as externalities and the principal-agent relationship, we suggest how economics can help to solve the challenges arising from increasing resistance to antibiotics. We discuss solutions to the key economic issues, from incentivizing the development of effective new antibiotics to improving antibiotic stewardship through financial mechanisms and regulation.