5‐ARI induces autophagy of prostate epithelial cells through suppressing IGF‐1 expression in prostate fibroblasts

作者：Boyu Yang, Chenyi Jiang, Chen‐Yun Dai, Ruizhe Zhao, Xing‐Jie Wang, Yiping Zhu, Yu‐Xin Qian, Fu‐Li Yin, Xiangyu Fu, Yi‐Feng Jing, Bangmin Han, Shujie Xia, Yuan Ruan · 发表于：Cell Proliferation · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1111/cpr.12590 · 被引用次数：33 · 研究领域：Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research、Autophagy in Disease and Therapy、Pelvic floor disorders treatments

OBJECTIVES: 5α-reductase inhibitor (5-ARI) is a commonly used medicine in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Our study mainly focuses on the mechanism of BPH development after 5ARI treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prostate specimens from patients were collected. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), Beclin-1, LC3 levels, was analysed by immunohistochemistry. The role IGF-1 on autophagic flux in prostate epithelial cells was studied. Additionally, effect of autophagy on recombinant grafts consisting of prostate stromal and epithelial cells in nude mice was investigated. RESULTS: We demonstrated that IGF-1 expression is down-regulated in prostate fibroblasts after long-term 5-ARI application. A decrease in IGF-1 levels was found to activate autophagic flux through the mTOR pathway in prostate epithelial cells, while the inhibition of IGF-1 receptor function induced autophagy in prostate epithelial cells. In addition, we revealed that blocking autophagic flux initiation can reduce the volume of recombinant grafts in vivo. Finally, our findings suggest that long-term 5-ARI application reduces IGF-1 secretion by prostatic stromal cells, thereby inducing autophagy of prostatic epithelial cells, which is one of the mechanisms underlying BPH pathogenesis and progression. CONCLUSIONS: Focusing on the autophagy induced by low levels of IGF-1 in prostatic epithelial cells, after elucidating AR signalling impairment o...