The inhibitory activities and antiviral mechanism of Viola philippica aqueous extracts against grouper iridovirus infection in vitro and in vivo

作者：Qing Yu, Mingzhu Liu, Hehe Xiao, Siting Wu, Xianling Qin, Zijun Lu, Deqiang Shi, Siqiao Li, Huizhi Mi, Yibing Wang, Hongfei Su, Taixia Wang, Pengfei Li · 发表于：Journal of Fish Diseases · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1111/jfd.12987 · 被引用次数：47 · 研究领域：Biochemical and Structural Characterization、Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities、Aquaculture disease management and microbiota

Grouper iridovirus (GIV) is one of the most serious pathogens in mariculture and causes high mortality rates in cultured groupers; then, effective medicines for controlling GIV infections are urgently needed. Viola philippica is a well-known medicinal plant, and the application of V. philippica aqueous extracts against GIV infection was assessed by different methods in this study. The results showed that the working concentration of V. philippica aqueous extracts was 10 mg/ml. V. philippica aqueous extracts below 10 mg/ml have no significant cytotoxic effects on cell viability, while extracts over 15 mg/ml decreased cell viability and showed cytotoxic activity. V. philippica aqueous extracts had excellent inhibitory effects against GIV infection in vitro and in vivo. The possible antiviral mechanism of V. philippica was further analysed, which indicated that V. philippica did no damages to GIV particles, but it could disturb GIV binding, entry and replication in host cells. V. philippica had the best inhibitory effects against GIV during viral infection stage of binding and replication in host cells. Overall, the results suggest that appropriate concentration of V. philippica aqueous extracts has great antiviral effects, making it an interesting candidate for developing effective medicines for preventing and controlling GIV infection in farmed groupers.