Beef Manure and Urea Applied to Corn Show Variable Effects on Nitrous Oxide, Methane, Carbon Dioxide, and Ammonia

作者：Suresh Niraula, Shafiqur Rahman, Amitava Chatterjee, Erin L. Cortus, Mukesh Mehata, Mindy J. Spiehs · 发表于：Agronomy Journal · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.2134/agronj2018.08.0547 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics、Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics、Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology

Core Ideas Manure applied soil had higher CO 2 and CH 4 and lower N 2 O and NH 3 emissions than urea. Beef manure with and without straw bedding produced similar yields and emissions. Soil inorganic N availability showed positive correlations to N 2 O and NH 3 emissions. Manure and urea application produced similar corn yields. Land application of beef cattle ( Bos taurus ) manure can improve soil health and increase corn ( Zea mays L.) yield compared with commercial fertilizers. However, ammonia (NH 3 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and methane (CH 4 ) emissions may lead to nutrient losses and environmental concerns. The objective of this research was to quantify NH 3 , N 2 O, CO 2 , and CH 4 emissions from commercial and manure fertilizers applied to corn. In addition, residual soil N, corn yield, plant tissue N, and grain N were determined. The 2‐yr field study was conducted in Fargo‐Ryan silty clay soil. Treatments consisted of urea only (UO), solid beef manure (SM), solid beef manure with straw bedding (BM), and no fertilizer (NF). All treatments were applied to meet the corn N demand and yield goal of 10,760 kg ha –1 (160 bu ac –1 ). Greenhouse gases were quantified using static flux chambers, and NH 3 was quantified using acid traps, for a total of 13 measurement dates in each growing season. Manure applied to soil reduced cumulative N 2 O by 23% in SM and 31% in BM compared with the UO soil. Cumulative CO 2 emission ( c CO 2 ) was 42% lower in UO tha...