Examination of the temporal and spatial dynamics of the gut microbiome in newborn piglets reveals distinct microbial communities in six intestinal segments

作者：Ying Liu, Zhijun Zheng, Lihuai Yu, Sen Wu, Li Sun, Shenglong Wu, Qian Xu, Shunfeng Cai, Nan Qin, Wenbin Bao · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-019-40235-z · 被引用次数：91 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research、Gastrointestinal motility and disorders

Intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in immune development and disease progression in mammals from birth onwards. The gastrointestinal tract of newborn mammals is rapidly colonized by microbes with tremendous biomass and diversity. Understanding how this complex of segmental communities evolves in different gastrointestinal sites over time has great biological significance and medical implications. However, most previous reports examining intestinal microbiota have focused on fecal samples, a strategy that overlooks the spatial microbial dynamics in different intestinal segments. Using intestinal digesta from six intestinal segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum) of newborn piglets, we herein conducted a large-scale 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based study to characterize the segmental dynamics of porcine gut microbiota at eight postnatal intervals (days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 120 and 180). A total of 4,465 OTUs were obtained and showed that the six intestinal segments could be divided into three parts; in the duodenum-jejunum section, the most abundant genera included Lactobacillus and Bacteroides; in the ileum, Fusobacterium and Escherichia; and in the cecum-rectum section, Prevotella. Although the microbial communities of the piglets were similar among the six intestinal segments on postnatal day 1, they evolved and quickly differentiated at later intervals. An examination of time-dependent alterations in the dominant microbes revealed that the microb...