Ginsenoside Rb1 as an Anti-Diabetic Agent and Its Underlying Mechanism Analysis

作者：Ping Zhou, Weijie Xie, Shuaibing He, Yifan Sun, Xiangbao Meng, Guibo Sun, Xiaobo Sun · 发表于：Cells · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.3390/cells8030204 · 被引用次数：316 · 研究领域：Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications、Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds、Autophagy in Disease and Therapy

, two well-known medical plants with economic value, have a long history of use for managing various diseases in Asian countries. Accumulating clinical and experimental evidence suggests that notoginsenosides and ginsenosides, which are the major bioactive components of the plants, have a variety of beneficial effects on several types of disease, including metabolic, vascular, and central nervous system disease. Considerable attention has been focused on ginsenoside Rb1 derived from their common ownership as an anti-diabetic agent that can attenuate insulin resistance and various complications. Particularly, in vitro and in vivo models have suggested that ginsenoside Rb1 exerts various pharmacological effects on metabolic disorders, including attenuation of glycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, which depend on the modulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy, and anti-apoptosis effects. Regulation of these pathophysiological mechanisms can improve blood glucose and insulin resistance and protect against macrovascular/microvascular related complications. This review summarizes the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action of ginsenoside Rb1 in the management of diabetes or diabetic complications. Moreover, a multi-target effect and mechanism analysis of its antidiabetic actions were performed to provide a theoretical basis for further pharmacological studies and new drug development for clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, gins...