RETRACTED ARTICLE: Exosomes from glioma cells induce a tumor-like phenotype in mesenchymal stem cells by activating glycolysis

作者：Zhanjun Ma, Xue Cui, Lu Li, Guohu Chen, Yang� Yang, Yan Hu, Yubao Lu, Zhangqi Cao, Yan Wang, Xuexi Wang · 发表于：Stem Cell Research & Therapy · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1186/s13287-019-1149-5 · 被引用次数：45 · 研究领域：Extracellular vesicles in disease、Mesenchymal stem cell research、MicroRNA in disease regulation

BACKGROUND: Exosomes are nanoscale membrane vesicles secreted by both normal and cancer cells, and cancer cell-derived exosomes play an important role in the cross-talk between cancer cells and other cellular components in the tumor microenvironment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have tropism for tumors and have been used as tumor-tropic vectors for tumor therapy; however, the safety of such therapeutic use of MSCs is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of glioma cell-derived exosomes in the tumor-like phenotype transformation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: The effect of exosomes from U251 glioma cells on the growth of hBMSCs was evaluated with the CCK-8 assay, KI67 staining, and a cell cycle distribution assessment. The migration and invasion of hBMSCs were evaluated with a Transwell assay. A proteomics and bioinformatics approach, together with Western blotting and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, was used to investigate the effect of U251 cell-derived exosomes on the proteome of hBMSCs. RESULTS: U251 cell-derived exosomes induced a tumor-like phenotype in hBMSCs by enhancing their proliferation, migration, and invasion and altering the production of proteins involved in the regulation of the cell cycle. Moreover, U251 cell-derived exosomes promoted the production of the metastasis-related proteins MMP-2 and MMP-9, glioma marker GFAP, and CSC markers (CD133 and Nest...