Genotypes of Staphylococcus aureus: On-farm epidemiology and the consequences for prevention of intramammary infections

作者：Andrea Leuenberger, C. Sartori, R. Boss, Grégory Resch, Frank Oechslin, A. Steiner, Philippe Moreillon, H.U. Graber · 发表于：Journal of Dairy Science · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.3168/jds.2018-15181 · 被引用次数：64 · 研究领域：Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows、Probiotics and Fermented Foods、Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus

Staphylococcus aureus is a highly contagious mastitis-causing pathogen infecting dairy cattle worldwide. Previous studies have shown the presence of different genotypes (GT) on farms. In Switzerland, Staph. aureus genotype B (GTB) is contagious, whereas GTC and other genotypes cause sporadic, noncontagious mastitis. In this study, we evaluated the epidemiological properties of Staph. aureus, together with its genotypes and spa types, on Swiss dairy farms. A total of 21 dairy farms were sampled throughout Switzerland; 10 farms were positive for the contagious Staph. aureus GTB and 11 farms were negative for GTB. Samples were taken from milk, body surfaces of dairy cattle and other animals, milkers, milking equipment, and environmental sites (e.g., parlor, washing room, stall floor, manger, and bedding). The epidemiology of Staph. aureus depended markedly on the genotype. Staphylococcus aureus GTB was associated with mammary gland, intramammary infections (IMI), and milking clusters, whereas GTC and other genotypes were related to cow and other animal surfaces and occasionally to environment. Genotype C was by far the most common subtype in cattle and was found on GTB-negative and GTB-positive farms. Each farm had a predominant genotype, such as GTB, GTC, GTA, or GTF, but a few farms were almost free from Staph. aureus. The genotypes and spa types of Staph. aureus detected in the noses of milkers clearly differed from those found in dairy cattle, other animals, milking equipmen...