Role of basal ganglia neurocircuitry in the pathology of psychiatric disorders

作者：Tom Macpherson, Takatoshi Hikida · 发表于：Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1111/pcn.12830 · 被引用次数：142 · 研究领域：Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior、Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders、Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling

Over the last few decades, advances in human and animal-based techniques have greatly enhanced our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. Many of these studies have indicated connectivity between and alterations within basal ganglia structures to be particularly pertinent to the development of symptoms associated with several of these disorders. Here we summarize the connectivity, molecular composition, and function of sites within basal ganglia neurocircuits. Then we review the current literature from both human and animal studies concerning altered basal ganglia function in five common psychiatric disorders: obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance-related and addiction disorders, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and schizophrenia. Finally, we present a model based upon the findings of these studies that highlights the striatum as a particularly attractive target for restoring normal function to basal ganglia neurocircuits altered within psychiatric disorder patients.