Residential greenness and mortality in oldest-old women and men in China: a longitudinal cohort study

作者：John S. Ji, Anna Zhu, Chen Bai, Chih‐Da Wu, Lijing L. Yan, Shenglan Tang, Yi Zeng, Peter D James · 发表于：The Lancet Planetary Health · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30264-x · 被引用次数：210 · 研究领域：Urban Green Space and Health、Health disparities and outcomes、Climate Change and Health Impacts

BACKGROUND: Exposure to natural vegetation, or greenness, might affect health through several pathways, including increased physical activity and social engagement, improved mental health, and reductions in exposure to air pollution, extreme temperatures, and noise. Few studies of the effects of greenness have focused on Asia, and, to the best of our knowledge, no study has assessed the effect on vulnerable oldest-old populations. We assessed the association between residential greenness and mortality in an older cohort in China. METHODS: We used five waves (February, 2000-October, 2014) of the China Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), a prospective cohort representative of the general older population in China. We assessed exposure to greenness through satellite-derived Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values in the 250 m and 1250 m radius around the residential address for each individual included in the study. We calculated contemporaneous NDVI values, cumulative NDVI values, and changes in NDVI from the start of the study over time. The health outcome of the study was all-cause mortality, excluding accidental deaths. Mortality rate ratios were estimated with Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, marital status, geographical region, childhood and adult socioeconomic status, social and leisure activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity. FINDINGS: Among 23 754 individuals (mean age at baseline 93 ...