Characterization of the mechanism and impact of staphylokinase on the formation of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus polymicrobial biofilms

作者：Haiyang Liu, Huale Chen, Yao Sun, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Hong Lu, Jiahui Li, Jianming Cao, Tieli Zhou · 发表于：Journal of Medical Microbiology · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1099/jmm.0.000914 · 被引用次数：15 · 研究领域：Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing、Antifungal resistance and susceptibility、Oral microbiology and periodontitis research

PURPOSE: Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus can be co-isolated in biofilm-associated infections. However, treatments have not been well established due to a lack of antibiofilm strategies. Hence, this study aims to characterize the mechanism and impact of Staphylokinase (Sak) on fungal-bacterial polymicrobial biofilms. METHODOLOGY: Sak generation levels were obtained via chromogenic analysis. C. albicans and S. aureus polymicrobial biofilm formation and integrity were analysed using a bright-field microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Metabolic mitochondrial activity, growth rate and adhesive capacity were also measured. Quantification real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was carried out to evaluate the expression levels of biofilm-related genes. Furthermore, the biofilm inhibitory potential of Sak alone or combined with antimicrobials was investigated. RESULTS: Sak production levels varied, ranging from 0.130 to 0.648. A strong decrease of biomass, metabolic activity andearly stage growth rate was demonstrated in the Sak-treated group. SEM showed S. aureus attached on hyphae of C. albicans in sporadic small microcolonies after Sak treatment. Moreover, the gene expression levels of HWP1, EFG1 and NRG1 were significantly altered, while no obvious difference was observed in ALS3. Finally, Sak had a notable impact on mature polymicrobial biofilms alone or when combined with vancomycin and fluconazole. CONCLUSION: The effect induced by Sak to C. albicans and S. aureus ...