Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Symptoms in Schizophrenia Include Decreased Mortality

作者：Andrea Schmitt, Isabel Maurus, Moritz J. Rossner, Astrid Röh, Moritz Lembeck, Martina von Wilmsdorff, Shun Takahashi, Boris‐Stephan Rauchmann, Daniel Keeser, Alkomiet Hasan, Berend Malchow, Peter Falkai · 发表于：Frontiers in Psychiatry · 年份：2018 · DOI：10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00690 · 被引用次数：92 · 研究领域：Schizophrenia research and treatment、Physical Activity and Health、Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with a lifetime prevalence of about 1%. People with schizophrenia have a 4-fold higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome than the general population, mainly because of antipsychotic treatment but perhaps also because of decreased physical activity. Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and the risk of these diseases is 2- to 3-fold higher in schizophrenia patients than in the general population. The suicide risk is also higher in schizophrenia, partly as a result of depression, positive, and cognitive symptoms of the disease. The higher suicide rate and higher rate of cardiac mortality, a consequence of the increased prevalance of cardiovascular diseases, contribute to the reduced life expectancy, which is up to 20 years lower than in the general population. Regular physical activity, especially in combination with psychosocial and dietary interventions, can improve parameters of the metabolic syndrome and cardiorespiratory fitness. Furthermore, aerobic exercise has been shown to improve cognitive deficits; total symptom severity, including positive and negative symptoms; depression; quality of life; and global functioning. High-intensity interval endurance training is a feasible and effective way to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic parameters and has been established as such in somatic disorders. It may have more beneficial effects on the metabolic state than more moderate and continuous ...