El Niño-Related Thermal Stress Coupled With Upwelling-Related Ocean Acidification Negatively Impacts Cellular to Population-Level Responses in Pteropods Along the California Current System With Implications for Increased Bioenergetic Costs

作者：Nina Bednaršek, Richard A. Feely, Marcus W. Beck, Olivier Glippa, Mirella Kanerva, Jonna Engström‐Öst · 发表于：Frontiers in Marine Science · 年份：2018 · DOI：10.3389/fmars.2018.00486 · 被引用次数：58 · 研究领域：Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses、Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies、Physiological and biochemical adaptations

Understanding the interactive effects of multiple stressors on pelagic mollusks associated with global climate change is especially important in highly productive coastal ecosystems of the upwelling regime, such as the California Current System (CCS). Due to temporal overlap between a marine heatwave, an El Niño event, and springtime intensification of the upwelling, pteropods of the CCS were exposed to co-occurring increased temperature, low Ωar and pH, and deoxygenation. The variability in the natural gradients during NOAA’s WCOA 2016 cruise provided a unique opportunity for synoptic study of chemical and biological interactions. We investigated the effects of in situ multiple drivers and their interactions across cellular, physiological, and population levels. Oxidative stress biomarkers were used to assess pteropods’ cellular status and antioxidant defenses. Ocean acidification (OA) stress induced significant activation of oxidative stress biomarkers, as indicated by increased levels of lipid peroxidation (LPX), but the antioxidative activity defense might be insufficient against cellular stress. Thermal stress in combination with low Ωar additively increases the level of LPX toxicity, while food availability can mediate the negative effect. On the physiological level, we found synergistic interaction between low Ωar and deoxygenation and thermal stress (Ωar: T, O2:T). On the population level, temperature was the main driver of abundance distribution, with low Ωar being a...