Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning in Ophthalmology

作者：Daniel Shu Wei Ting, Louis R. Pasquale, Lily Peng, John Peter Campbell, Aaron Lee, Rajiv Raman, Gavin Siew Wei Tan, Leopold Schmetterer, Pearse A. Keane, Tien Yin Wong · 发表于：Artificial Intelligence in Medicine · 年份：2018 · DOI：10.1007/978-3-030-64573-1_200 · 被引用次数：1231 · 研究领域：Retinal Imaging and Analysis、Glaucoma and retinal disorders、Retinal and Optic Conditions

Artificial intelligence (AI) based on deep learning (DL) has sparked tremendous global interest in recent years. DL has been widely adopted in image recognition, speech recognition and natural language processing, but is only beginning to impact on healthcare. In ophthalmology, DL has been applied to fundus photographs, optical coherence tomography and visual fields, achieving robust classification performance in the detection of diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity, the glaucoma-like disc, macular oedema and age-related macular degeneration. DL in ocular imaging may be used in conjunction with telemedicine as a possible solution to screen, diagnose and monitor major eye diseases for patients in primary care and community settings. Nonetheless, there are also potential challenges with DL application in ophthalmology, including clinical and technical challenges, explainability of the algorithm results, medicolegal issues, and physician and patient acceptance of the AI ‘black-box’ algorithms. DL could potentially revolutionise how ophthalmology is practised in the future. This review provides a summary of the state-of-the-art DL systems described for ophthalmic applications, potential challenges in clinical deployment and the path forward.