Unraveling Field Crops Sensitivity to Heat Stress: Mechanisms, Approaches, and Future Prospects

作者：Muhammad Azhar Nadeem, Jiajia Li, Minghua Wang, Liaqat Shah, Shaoqi Lu, Xiao‐Bo Wang, Chuanxi Ma · 发表于：Agronomy · 年份：2018 · DOI：10.3390/agronomy8070128 · 被引用次数：120 · 研究领域：Plant responses to elevated CO2、Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance、Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics

The astonishing increase in temperature presents an alarming threat to crop production worldwide. As evident by huge yield decline in various crops, the escalating drastic impacts of heat stress (HS) are putting global food production as well as nutritional security at high risk. HS is a major abiotic stress that influences plant morphology, physiology, reproduction, and productivity worldwide. The physiological and molecular responses to HS are dynamic research areas, and molecular techniques are being adopted for producing heat tolerant crop plants. In this article, we reviewed recent findings, impacts, adoption, and tolerance at the cellular, organellar, and whole plant level and reported several approaches that are used to improve HS tolerance in crop plants. Omics approaches unravel various mechanisms underlying thermotolerance, which is imperative to understand the processes of molecular responses toward HS. Our review about physiological and molecular mechanisms may enlighten ways to develop thermo-tolerant cultivars and to produce crop plants that are agriculturally important in adverse climatic conditions.