Phase transitions in a programmable quantum spin glass simulator

作者：R. Harris, Yuki Sato, A. J. Berkley, Maurício Sedrez dos Reis, Fabio Altomare, M. H. S. Amin, Kelly Boothby, P. Bunyk, Chengyao Deng, Colin Enderud, Shuiyuan Huang, Emile M. Hoskinson, Mark W. Johnson, E. Ladizinsky, Nicolas Ladizinsky, Trevor M. Lanting, R. Li, T. Medina, Reza Molavi, R. B. Neufeld, T. Oh, Igor Pavlov, I. Perminov, Gabriel Poulin-Lamarre, Chris C. Rich, Anatoly Yu. Smirnov, Loren J. Swenson, Nicholas Tsai, Mark H. Volkmann, Jed D. Whittaker, J. Yao · 发表于：Science · 年份：2018 · DOI：10.1126/science.aat2025 · 被引用次数：264 · 研究领域：Quantum many-body systems、Theoretical and Computational Physics、Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing

Understanding magnetic phases in quantum mechanical systems is one of the essential goals in condensed matter physics, and the advent of prototype quantum simulation hardware has provided new tools for experimentally probing such systems. We report on the experimental realization of a quantum simulation of interacting Ising spins on three-dimensional cubic lattices up to dimensions 8 × 8 × 8 on a D-Wave processor (D-Wave Systems, Burnaby, Canada). The ability to control and read out the state of individual spins provides direct access to several order parameters, which we used to determine the lattice's magnetic phases as well as critical disorder and one of its universal exponents. By tuning the degree of disorder and effective transverse magnetic field, we observed phase transitions between a paramagnetic, an antiferromagnetic, and a spin-glass phase.