A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk

作者：MARIA JOSE REDONDO, Susan Michelle Geyer, Andrea K. Steck, Seth A. Sharp, John M. Wentworth, Michael N. Weedon, Peter A. Antinozzi, Jay M. Sosenko, Mark A. Atkinson, Alberto Pugliese, Richard A. Oram, Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Study Group, Peter A. Antinozzi, Mark A. Atkinson, Manuela Battaglia, Dorothy J. Becker, P. J. Bingley, Emanuele Bosi, Jan C. Buckner, Peter Grahame Colman, Peter A. Gottlieb, Kevan C. Herold, Richard A. Insel, Tom Kay, Mikael Knip, Jennifer B. Marks, Antoinette Moran, James L. Palmer, Mark Peakman, Louis H. Philipson, Alberto Pugliese, Philip Raskin, Henry Rodriguez, Bart O. Roep, William E. Russell, Desmond Schatz, Diane K. Wherrett, Darrell M. Wilson, William E. Winter, Anette‐Gabriele Ziegler, Christophe O. Benoist, J. JOSEPH BLUM, Peter H. Chase, Michael J Clare-Salzler, Raphael Clynes, George S. Eisenbarth, C. Garrison Fathman, Gilman D. Grave, Bernhard J. Hering, FRANCINE RATNER KAUFMAN, Ellen Leschek, J. Mahon, Kirsti Näntö‐Salonen, Gerald T. Nepom, Tihamer Orban, Robertson Parkman, Mark D. Pescovitz, John Peyman, Maria Grazia Roncarolo, Olli Simell, Robert Sherwin, Mark H. Siegelman, Andrea K. Steck, James W. Thomas, Massimo Trucco, J. Richard Wagner, Carla J. Greenbaum, Katarzyna Bourcier, Richard A. Insel, Jeffrey P. Krischer, Ellen Leschek, Lisa E. Rafkin, Lisa M. Spain, Catherine C. Cowie, Mary A. Foulkes, Heidi J Krause-Steinrauf, John M. Lachin, Saúl Malozowski, John Peyman, John Paul Ridge, Peter J. Savage, Jay S. Skyler, Stephanie J. Zafonte, Norma Sue Kenyon, Irene Santiago, Jay M. Sosenko, Brian N. Bundy, Michael Abbondondolo, Timothy E. Adams, Darlene Amado, Ilma Asif, Matthew Boonstra, Brian N. Bundy, Cristina Burroughs, David W. Cuthbertson, Mary Deemer, Christopher Eberhard, Steve Fiske, Julie Ford, Jennifer Garmeson, Heather Guillette, Susan Michelle Geyer, Brian Hays, Courtney Henderson, Martha J. Henry, Kathleen M. Heyman, Belinda Hsiao, Christina Karges, Nichole Keaton, Amanda Kinderman, Pat Law, Ashely Leinbach, Cristin Linton, Shu Liu, Jennifer L. E. Lloyd, Jamie Malloy, Kristin Maddox, Julie Martin, Jessica L. Miller, Éric Milliot, Margaret Moore, Sarah Müller, Thuy Trang Nguyen, Ryan O’Donnell, Vanessa Oduah, Jennifer Pilger, Amy Roberts, Kelly Sadler, Tina Stavros, Roy Tamura, Keith Wood, Ping A. Xu, Kenneth C. Young, Persida Alies, Franz Badias, Aaron R. Baker, Monica Bassi, Craig A. Beam, David C. Boulware, London Bounmananh, Susan Bream, Doug Freeman, Jessica Gough, Jinin Ginem, Moriah Granger, M C Holloway, Michelle Kieffer, Page Lane, Lavanya Nallamshetty, Yazandra Parrimon, Kate Paulus, Joy Ramiro, AQesha Luvon Ritzie, Archana Kumari Sharma, Audrey C. Shor, Xiaohong Song, Amanda Terry, Jeanne Weinberger, Margaret Wootten, Pamela Harding, Susan McDonough, Paula McGee, Kimberly Owens Hess, Donna Phoebus, Scott C. Quinlan, Erica Raiden, Emily Batts, Chris Buddy, Kristin Kirpatrick, Mary Ramey, Ann Shultz, Chris D. Webb, Melita Romesco, JUDITH E. FRADKIN, Emily A. Blumberg, Gerald J. Beck, David J. Brillon, Rose Gubitosi‐Klug, Lori M. Laffel, Robert M. Veatch, Dennis Wallace, Jonathan G. Braun, Åke Lernmark, Bernard C. Lo, Herman Mitchell, Ali Hadi Naji, Jørn Nerup, Trevor John Orchard, Michael W. Steffes, Anastasios A. Tsiatis, Bernard Zinman, Brett J. Loechelt, Lindsey Robert Baden, Michael D. Green, Adriana Weinberg, Santica M. Marcovina, Jerry P. Palmer, Adriana Weinberg, Liping Yu, Sunanda R Babu, William E. Winter, George S. Eisenbarth, Polly J. Bingley, Raphael Clynes, Linda DiMeglio, George Eisenbarth, Brian Hays, Jennifer B. Marks, Della Matheson, Henry Rodriguez, Darrell Wilson, MARIA JOSE REDONDO, David Gomez, Xiati Zheng, Sandra Lidia Peralta Peña, Massimo Pietropaolo, Emily Batts, Tyler D. Brown, Jane Hoyt Buckner, Angela Dove, Marissa Hammond, Deborah Hefty, Jani Klein, Kristen Kuhns, McKenzie Letlau, Sandra Lord, Marli McCulloch‐Olson, Lisa M. Miller, Gerald T. Nepom, Jared Odegard, Mary Ramey, Elaine Sachter, Marissa St. Marie, Kimberly Stickney, Dana VanBuecken, Ben Vellek, Christine A. Webber, Laurie Allen, Jenna Bollyk, Nicole Hilderman, Hebatullah Ismail, Steve Lamola, Srinath Sanda, Heather Vendettuoli, David M. Tridgell, Roshanak Monzavi, Meredith Bock, Lynda K. Fisher, Mary Halvorson, Debra D. Jeandron, Mimi S. Kim, Jamie Wood, Mitchell E. Geffner, FRANCINE RATNER KAUFMAN, Robertson Parkman, Christine Salazar, Robin Goland, Raphael Clynes, Steve Cook, Matthew Freeby, MARY PAT GALLAGHER, Rachelle Gandica, Ellen M. Greenberg, Amy Kurland, Sarah Pollak, Amy Wolk, Mary Joyce Chan, Linda Koplimae, Elizabeth Levine, Kelly Smith, Jeniece Trast, Linda DiMeglio, Janice Blum, Carmella Evans‐Molina, Robin Hufferd, Bonnie Jagielo, Christy Kruse, Vanessa B. Patrick, Mark R. Rigby, Maria Spall, Kim Swinney, Jennifer Terrell, Lyla Christner, LeeAnn Ford, Sheryl E. Lynch, M D Stamm Menendez, Patricia Merrill, Mark D. Pescovitz, Henry Rodriguez, Cielo Alleyn, David A. Baidal, S.D. Fay, Jason L. Gaglia, Brittany Resnick, Sarah Szubowicz, Gordon C. Weir, Ronald Benjamin, Debbie Conboy, Andrea deManbey, Richard A. Jackson, Heyam Jalahej, Tihmar Orban, Alyne T. Ricker, Joseph I. Wolfsdorf, Huihui Zhang, Darrell Wilson, Tandy Aye, Bonita K. Baker, Karen Barahona, Bruce A. Buckingham, Kerry Esrey, Trudy Esrey, Garry Fathman, Radhika Snyder, Beenu Aneja, Maya Chatav, Oralia Espinoza, Eliana Frank, Jenny X. Liu, Jennifer Perry, Rebecca Pyle, Alison M. Rigby, Kristin Riley, Adriana Soto, Stephen Eric Gitelman, Saleh Adi, Mark S. Anderson, Ashley Berhel, Kathy Breen, Kathleen Fraser, Andrea Gerard‐Gonzalez, Paula Jossan, Robert H. Lustig, Sara Moassesfar, Amy Mugg, David C. Ng, Priya Prahalod, Martha Rangel‐Lugo, Srinath Sanda, Joshua Tarkoff, Christine Torok, Rebecca Wesch, Ivy R. Aslan, Jeanne Buchanan, Jennifer Cordier, Celia Hamilton, Louise Hawkins, Thu Ho, Anjali Jain, Karen Ko, Theresa M. Lee, Shelly Phelps, Stephen M. Rosenthal, Taninee Sahakitrungruang, Lorraine Stehl, Lisa Anne Taylor, Marcia Stanley Wertz, Jenise C. Wong, Louis H. Philipson, Rosemary Briars, Nancy A. Devine, Elizabeth Littlejohn, Tiffany Grant, Peter A. Gottlieb, GEORGEANNA JONES KLINGENSMITH, Andrea K. Steck, Aimon K. Alkanani, KIMBERLY A. BAUTISTA, Ruth Bedoy, Aaron Blau, B. J. Burke, Laraine Cory, Mylinh Dang, Lisa Fitzgerald-Miller, Alex Fouts, Vicky Gage, Satish K. Garg, Patricia Gesauldo, Raymond S. Gutin, Cory J. Hayes, Michelle Hoffman, Kaitlin Ketchum, Nyla Logsden-Sackett, David M. Maahs, Laurel H. Messer, Lisa A. Meyers, Aaron W. Michels, Stesha Peacock, Marian Rewers, Perla J. Rodriguez, Flor Sepulbeda, Rachel Sippl, Andrea K. Steck, Iman Taki, Bao-Khan Tran, Tuan Khanh Tran, R. Paul Wadwa, Philip Scott Zeitler, Jennifer M. Barker, Sandra Barry, Laurie Birks, Leah Bomsburger, Terra Bookert, Leah B. Namey Briggs, Patricia Burdick, Rosio Cabrera, Peter H. Chase, Erin C. Cobry, Amy Conley, Gabrielle Cook, Joseph P. Daniels, Dominic DiDomenico, Jennifer Eckert, Angelica C. Ehler, George Eisenbarth, Pamela R. Fain, Rosanna V. Fiallo-Scharer, Nicole Frank, Hannah Goettle, Michelle Haarhues, Sherrie Harris, Lauren A. Horton, John C. Hutton, Joy Jeffrrey, Rachael Jenison, Kelly Jones, Whitney Kastelic, Maria Amelia King, Debbie Lehr, Jenna Lungaro, Kendra Mason, Heather Maurer, Luy Nguyen, Allison Proto, Jaime Realsen, Kristina L. Schmitt, Mara Schwartz, San Skovgaard, Jennifer Smith, Brandon VanderWel, Mary K. Voelmle, R. Wagner, Amy E. Wallace, Philip A. Walravens, Laurie Weiner, Becky Westerhoff, Emily Westfall, Katina Widmer, Hali Wright, Desmond Schatz, Annie Abraham, Mark A. Atkinson, Miriam Cintrón, Michael J Clare-Salzler, Jessica Elizabeth Ferguson, Michael J. Haller, Jennifer Hosford, Diane Mancini, Hank Rohrs, Janet H. Silverstein, Jamie Thomas, William E. Winter, Gloria G. Cole, Roberta Cook, Ryan Coy, Elena Hicks, Nancy Davis Lewis, Jennifer B. Marks, Alberto Pugliese, Carlos E. Blaschke, Della Matheson, Natalia Sanders-Branca, Jay M. Sosenko, Luz Divina Arazo, Ray Arce, Mario Cisneros, Samir A. Sabbag, Antoinette Moran, Carrie Gibson, Brian T. Fife, Bernhard J. Hering, Christine A. Kwong, Janice Leschyshyn, Brandon M. Nathan, Beth Pappenfus, Anne Street, Mary Ann Boes, Sarah Peterson Eck, Lois Schmidt Finney, Theresa Albright Fischer, Andrea Martin, Chenai Jacqueline Muzamhindo, Missy Rhodes, Jennifer Smith, John A. Wagner, Bryan Wood, Dorothy J. Becker, Kelli Delallo, Ana María Díaz, Barbara Elnyczky, Ingrid M. Libman, Beata Pasek, Karen Riley, Massimo Trucco, Brian Copemen, Diane Gwynn, Frederico G. S. Toledo, Henry Rodriguez, Sureka Bollepalli, Frank Diamond, Emily Eyth, Danielle Henson, Anne Lenz, Dorothy I. Shulman, Phillip Raskin, Soumya Adhikari, Brian Dickson, Erin Dunnigan, Ildiko Lingvay, Lourdes Pruneda, María A. Ramos-Román, Philip Raskin, Chanhaeng Rhee, John W. Richard, Mark H. Siegelman, Daytheon Sturges, Kathryn Sumpter, Perrin C. White, Marilyn Alford, Jamie Arthur, Larissa M. Avilés-Santa, Erica Cordova, Renee Davis, Stefani Fernandez, Steve Fordan, Tauri Hardin, Aris Jacobs, Polina F. Kaloyanova, Ivanna Lukacova-Zib, Sasan Mirfakhraee, Alok Mohan, Hiroshi Noto, Oralenda Smith, Nenita Torres, Diane K. Wherrett, Diana Balmer, Lesley Eisel, Roze Kovalakovska, Mala Mehan, Farah Sultan, Brenda Ahenkorah, José Luis Cevallos, Natasha Razack, Mary Jo Ricci, Angela Rhode, Mithula Srikandarajah, Rachel Steger, William E. Russell, Margo Black, Faith Brendle, Anne Whitney Brown, Daniel J. Moore, Eric J. Pittel, Alyssa Robertson, April Shannon, James W. Thomas, Kevan C. Herold, Laurie Feldman, Robert Sherwin, William V. Tamborlane, Stuart A. Weinzimer, Jorma Toppari, Tiina Kallio, Maarit Kärkkäinen, Elina Mäntymäki, Tiina Niininen, Birgitta Nurmi, Petro Rajala, Minna Romo, Sointu Suomenrinne, Kirsti Näntö‐Salonen, Olli Simell, Tuula Simell, Emanuele Bosi, Manuela Battaglia, Eleonora Bianconi, Riccardo Bonfanti, Pauline Grogan, Andrea Laurenzi, Sabina Martinenghi, Franco Meschi, Matteo Rocco Pastore, Luca Falqui, Maria Teresa Muscato, Matteo Viscardi, Harriet Castleden, Nicola Farthing, Sam Loud, Claire Elizabeth Matthews, Jennifer McGhee, Ann Morgan, Joanna Pollitt, Rebecca Elliot-Jones, Carole Wheaton, Mikael Knip, Heli Siljander, HELI A. SUOMALAINEN, Peter Grahame Colman, Felicity Healy, Shelley Mesfin, Leanne Redl, John M. Wentworth, Jinny A. Willis, Maree Farley, Leonard Charles Harrison, Christine Perry, Fiona L R Williams, Amalia Mayo, James William Paxton, VW Thompson, Liisa Volin, Chloe G. Fenton, Lorraine Carr, E. Lemon, Michael W. Swank, Mary Koeppe Luidens, M. Salgam, Vasuda Sharma, David S. Schade, Charles M. King, Richard D. Carano, Jason A. Vander Heiden, Norman D. Means, Leroy Holman, Ian J. Thomas, David Madrigal, Timothy Muth, C. L. Martin, Cynthia D. Plunkett, C. Ramm, Richard Joseph Auchus, Wendy S. Lane, E. Avots, Mary C. Buford, Clarence Hale, John Clifford Hoyle, Benjamin C. Lane, ANDREW B. MUIR, S E Shuler, Nicholas Raviele, Elizabeth A. Ivie, Margaret A. Jenkins, Karen L. Lindsley, I. Hansen, Doris Fadoju, Eric I. Felner, B. Bode, RaShonda Hosey, Julian Sax, Craig Jefferies, Stuart I. Mannering, R. Prentis, Jin‐Xiong She, Max E. Stachura, Diane Hopkins, Joshua Williams, Leigh Steed, E. Asatapova, S. Nunez, Sarah Knight, Peter H. Dixon, Jared Ching, Thomas W. Donner, S. Longnecker, K. Abel, Kristin M. Arcara, Scott M. Blackman, Lorraine F. Clark, Debbie D. Cooke, Leslie Plotnick, Phillip A. Levin, Lee A. Bromberger, Kathleen Klein, Katarzyna Sadurska, Catherine I. Allen, Dominique S. Michaud, Hubert L. Snodgrass, George A. Burghen, Sheena Chatha, Charles M. Clark, Jay Silverberg, Carrie Wittmer, Jacqueline A. Gardner, Christhope Leboeuf, Patrick M Bell, O. McGlore, H Tennet, N. Alba, Meta Carroll, L. V. Baert, H. Beaton, E. Cordell, Aveni Haynes, C. Reed, Katie E. Lichter, P. McCarthy, Susan McCarthy, Travis Monchamp, Jared C. Roach, S. Manies, F. Gunville, L. Marosok, T. L. Nelson, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Joachim Rudolph, M. Stewart, Ken McCormick, May S, Theresa J. Falls, Timothy Geoffrey Barrett, Kelly S Dale, Lydiah Makusha, C. McTernana, K. Penny-Thomas, Kelli Sullivan, Parth Narendran, Jayne Robbie, D. Smith, Rochelle Christensen, Barry E. Koehler, C. Royal, Timothy D. Arthur, Harold B. Houser, J. Renaldi, Sachi Watsen, Peihong Wu, L. Lyons, Brent House, Jianjiang Yu, Helen Holt, Monica Larissa Nation, C. F. H. Vickers, Ruth M. Watling, Rubina A. Heptulla, Jeniece Trast, C. G. Agarwal, DAVID J. NEWELL, Ranjitha Katikaneni, Chris Gardner, A. Del Rio, Aaron C. Logan, Hilde Collier, Chloe Rishton, GILLIAN A. WHALLEY, Ali Asghar, Shenaz Ramtoola, Teresa Quattrin, L. Mastrandea, A.J. House, Michelle A. Ecker, Chiu‐Ling Huang, Claire Gougeon, Jennifer E. Ho, D. Pacuad, David B. Dunger, James Warren May, Conor S. O’Brien, Carlo L. Acerini, Burak Salgin, Ajay Thankamony, Rachel E. Williams, John B. Buse, G. Fuller, Marie Duclos, Julie Tricome, Holly M. Brown, D. Pittard, Deborah Bowlby, A. M. Blue, Terry Headley, Sachin V. Bendre, Kevin R. Lewis, K. Sutphin, C. Soloranzo, Jennifer Puskaric, H. Madison, Mercedes Rincón, Michele Carlucci, R. Shridharani, Brian G. Rusk, E. Tessman, DAVID M. HUFFMAN, Howard B. Abrams, Benjamin Biederman, Matthew D. Jones, Valerie L. Leathers, W. Brickman, P Petrie, D. Zimmerman, James Howard, Lisa M. Miller, Ramin Alemzadeh, D.V. Mihailescu, R. Melgozza-Walker, N. Abdulla, Claudia Boucher‐Berry, Diego Ize-Ludlow, Ronald Levy, C. Swenson Brousell, Russell S. Scott, Helen F. Heenan, Helen Lunt, Dave Kendal, Jinny A. Willis, Brian A. Darlow, Nancy Abigail Crimmins, David Edler, Tanja Weis, Christopher J. Schultz, Deirdre Rogers, D. Latham, C. Mawhorter, Christopher Switzer, WILLIAM J. SPENCER, P. Konstantnopoulus, S Broder, Jeffrey Alan Klein, Bert E. Bachrach, Monique M. Gardner, D. Eichelberger, Lisa Knight, L. Szadek, G. Welnick, Bruce Thompson, Robert M. Hoffman, Andrew D. Revell, J. Cherko, K. Carter, Éric Gilson, Jade Haines, G. Arthur, Benjamin P. Bowen, W.B. Zipf, Patricia M. Graves, R.A. Lozano, Diane Seiple, K. Spicer, Amy E. Chang, J. Fregosi, Jeremy Harbinson, Christopher P Paulson, S. Stalters, Paul Kenneth Wright, Douglas W. Zlock, Amy Freeth, Jennifer M. Victory, Hiralal Maheshwari, A. Maheshwari, T. Holmstrom, J. Bueno, Raul Arguello, JoAnn H. Ahern, Linda Noreika, Victoria Elizabeth Watson, S. Hourse, Paul R. Breyer, C. Kissel, Y. Nicholson, M. Pfeifer, S. Almazan, J S Bajaj, Maryanne Quinn, Kayla Funk, J. McCance, Eduardo Moreno, R. Veintimilla, Andrew D. Wells, Jennifer J. Cook, S. Trunnel, David J. Transue, Julie M. Surhigh, D. Bezzaire, Kathleen C. Moltz, Erin Zacharski, Joseph Anthony Henske, Sujal R. Desai, K. Frizelis, Faris Khan, Rickard L. Sjöberg, K. Eileen Allen, P.P. Manning, G. Hendry, Bradley Kenneth Taylor, Samuel E. Jones, R. B. Couch, R.Michael Danchak, DA Lieberman, W J Strader, Marie Bencomo, Timothy Silleck Bailey, L. Bedolla, C. Martínez Roldán, Christopher Moudiotis, Bijay Vaidya, Christine Anning, Susan Bunce, Stephanie Estcourt, E. Folland, E Gordon, C. Harrill, J. T. Ireland, James B. Piper, Lucy Scaife, Kristen J. Sutton, S. Wilkins, M. Costelloe, James L. Palmer, Luis E. De Las Casas, Chris Miller, Marianne Burgard, Christopher S. Erickson, Julie E. Hallanger Johnson, Pamela L. Clark, William C. Taylor, José E. Galgani, Subhashis Banerjee, C. Banda, D. McEowen, Riley N. Kinman, Antony R. A. Lafferty, Sarah Gillett, C. Nolan, Mona Pathak, L. Sondrol, Tone Reinholdtsen Hjelle, Sebastian Häfner, Johanna Kotrba, Richard Hendrickson, Ayşe Pínar Cemeroğlu, Tess L. Symington, Michael S. Daniel, Yaw Appiagyei-Dankah, Daniel C. Postellon, Michael S. Racine, Lora Kleis, Kathryn B. Barnes, S.E. Godwin, H. McCullough, Khaldoon Shaheen, Georgina A. N. Buck, Laure‐Hélène Noël, MARK L. WARREN, Sydney J. Weber, Sean M. Parker, Iain Andrew Gillespie, Benjamin A. Nelson, C. Frost, James A. Amrhein, Elaine C. Moreland, Andrew J Hayes, J. Peggram, James Aisenberg, M. Riordan, J. Zasa, Elizabeth Anne Cummings, Karen Antoinette Scott, Teresa Elizabeth Pinto, Ashwini S. Mokashi, Karen McAssey, Elizabeth Helden, Peter J. Hammond, L. Dinning, S H Rahman, S. Ray, C. Dimicri, S. Guppy, Hans Jørgen Nielsen, Claudia Vogel, Carles Ariza, Luz Marina Morales, Yu‐Tzu Chang, Robert A. Gabbay, L. Ambrocio, L Manley, Robin Nemery, W. A. Charlton, Paul D. Smith, Lucille Kerr, B. Steindel-Kopp, M. Alamaguer, Eludrizza Tabisola-Nuesca, A. Pendersen, Nicholas Bradley Larson, H. Cooper-Olviver, David S. Y. Chan, David Fitzpatrick, Teresa Carreira, Y. Park, L. Renee Ruhaak, David R. Liljenquist, Gordon Browning, Tiffany Coughenour, Mathias Sulk, E. Tsalikan, Michael Tansey, Joanne Cabbage, Naznin M. Dixit, S. M. Kamal Pasha, Mary‐Claire King, Kim G. Adcock, H. Atterberry, Larry A. Fox, KIMBERLY A. ENGLERT, Nelly Mauras, Joe Permuy, Kaitlin Sikes, Tzeggai Berhe, B. Guendling, L. McLennan, Laura A. Paganessi, Colin Gerard Murphy, M B Draznin, Mala Kamboj, Scott T. Sheppard, Victor Anthony Lewis, Laura C. Coates, William P. T. Moore, Ghufran Babar, Jacques Bédard, Darlene Brenson-Hughes, Joe Cernich, Mark Allen Clements, R. Duprau, Serge Goodman, Lois Hester, Lina Huerta‐Saenz, Alexander Karmazin, T. Letjen, S. Raman, Dawn E. Morin, William H. Bestermann, E.J. Morawski, Jonathan L. White, A. Brockmyer, Robert A. Bays, Shauna R. Campbell, Andrew J. Stapleton, Nicole L. Stone, Alvin L. Donoho, Helen Everett, Harvey H. Hensley, Matthew B. Johnson, Chris Marshall, N. Skirvin, Peter Nicholas Taylor, Rachel E. Williams, Linda Ray, Chris M. Wolverton, D.A. Nickels, C. Dothard, Phyllis Speiser, Michele Pellizzari, Laura Anna Bokor, KE Izuora, Sameh A. Abdelnour, P. Cummings, S. Paynor, Michael Francis Leahy, M. Riedl, Shannon Shockley, Randa K. Saad, Teresa Briones, Sofia Casella, Carsten Thilo Herz, Kenneth Walsh, James E. Greening, F C Hay, S. E. Hunt, Nisha Sikotra, Leon A. Simons, D. G. Karounos, Ruth Oremus, Louise Dye, L. Daniel Myers, D.H. Ballard, Wendell Miers, Rachel Sparks, K.M. Thraikill, K L Edwards, John L. Fowlkes, S. Kemp, A. Morales, Lada Holland, Lisa C. Johnson, Pascale Paul, Atrayee Ghatak, K. Phelen, Hayley Leyland, Johnny Henderson, David J. Brenner, E. Oppenheimer, Igor Mamkin, Cajetan F. Moniz, Cheril L. Clarson, Michael R. Lovell, Anne L. Peters, VALERIE F. RUELAS, Danielle Borut, Deborah J. Burt, Michael B. Jordan, Silvia Castilla, P. Flores, Mónica Vallejo Ruiz, Lois Hanson, J. Green-Blair, R.J. Sheridan, Kupper A. Wintergerst, Grant N. Pierce, A. Omoruyi, Meredith C. Foster, Suzanne E. Kingery, Allen W. Lunsford, I. Cervantes, Tamara Nix Parker, Patricia Price, J. Urben, Ian Doughty, Helen Haydock, Veronica G. Parker, Phil Bergman, Steve Duncum, Christine P. Rodda, A.D. Thomas, Robert J. Ferry, Dana T. McCommon, John Cockroft, ALVIN H. PERELMAN, R. Calendo, Cristian Barrera, Esperanza Arce-Nunez, Yolanda Martínez, Mario Javier Rosero Portilla, Ingrid Cardenas, Leonardo Garrido, Miriam Méndez-del Villar, Renata Lorini, Erika Calandra, G. D’Annuzio, Katia Perri, Nicola Minuto, Clara Rebora, Rachel A Callegari, Omar Ali, John R. Kramer, Bethany A. Auble, S. Cabrera, Patricia A. Donohoue, Rosanna V. Fiallo-Scharer, Martin J. Hessner, Peter M. Wolfgram, Alvina R. Kansra, Nicola Bettin, Richard K. McCuller, Andrew David Miller, Siham D. Accacha, John J. Corrigan, Esteban Juan Fiore, Ross L. Levine, T.A. Mahoney, Constantin Polychronakos, Vincent Gagné, Harold S. Starkman, Marie Fox, Daisy Chin, Frances Melchionne, L. A. Silverman, Ian Marshall, L. Cerracchio, Jose Carlos Cruz, Anand Viswanathan, Janet Ann Wilson, S A Chalew, S. Valley, S. Layburn, Anuradha Lala, Patrice Clesi, MATTHEW D. GENET, Gabriel Ikponmosa Uwaifo, Alain Charron, Timothy Daniel Allerton, William T. Cefalu, Lydia Yvonne Melendez-Ramirez, R. Richards, Cielo Alleyn, Eric L. Gustafson, M. Lizanna, Jack Wahlen, S. Aleiwe, Michael K. Hansen, H. Wahlen, Carol Joan Levy, A. Bonaccorso, Robert A. Rapaport, Yaron Tomer, David Chia, Marina Goldis, L. Iazzetti, Matthieu T. Klein, Camilla M. Levister, Larissa Waldman, Elizabeth Wallach, Molly O. Regelmann, Z. Antal, M. Aranda, Carey Reynholds, N. Leech, Deborah Jane Wake, Cormac Owens, Mason Jenner Burns, John S. Wotherspoon, Anne M. Murray, Kevin R. Short, GW Curry, Sheryl F. Kelsey, Jennifer M. Lawson, Julie A. Porter, Susanna R. Stevens, Emma C. Thomson, S. Winship, L. Wynn, Esko J. Wiltshire, Jeremy Krebs, Peter Cresswell, H. Faherty, Craig S. Ross, A Vinik, Patricia M. Barlow, Marc Bourcier, Marie-Laure Névoret, Jennifer Couper, Shirley A.A. Beresford, N. Thalagne, Holly Roper, J. Gibbons, Julia Fromings Hill, S. Balleaut, Cameron Brennan, J. Ellis-Gage, Louisa Fear, Thomas M. Gray, Laura Jones, Constance A. McNerney, Lauren Pointer, Nicholas C. Price, Karen Few, Deborah Tomlinson, Louise Denvir, Jennifer C. Drew, Tabitha L. Randell, Peter D. Mansell, S A Bell, Sharon Butler, Y. Hooton, H Navarra, Abi Roper, G Babington, Lindsay Crate, Harrison Cripps, Amanda Ledlie, Courtney Moulds, Robyn Norton, B. Petrova, O. Silkstone, Chris Smith, Kanika Ghai, M. Murray, V. N. Viswanathan, M. Henegan, O Kawadry, Olson Ja, L. Patterson, Tariq Ahmad, Brianna Flores, D. Domek, S. Domek, Kenneth C. Copeland, Melvin George, JOANE E. LESS, T. K. Davis, Megan Short, Arcot A. Dwarakanathan, Patrick O’Donnell, Brian P. Boerner, LuAnn Larson, Monica Phillips, Marc Rendell, Kara Larson, Chris Smith, Katelyn Zebrowski, L. Kuechenmeister, M. Thevarayapillai, Michael J. Daniels, Heather Speer, N. Forghani, R. Quintana, Christian Reh, Amrit Bhangoo, Pascal Desrosiers, Lucy Ireland, T. Misla, C. Torres, Susan J. Wells, Jesús María Villar, M. C. Yu, Diane J. Berry, David P. Cook, Josefin Söder, Abigail E. Powell, Mah Lee Ng, Mary F. Morrison, Zena Haslam, Margaret L. Lawson, BENJAMIN A. BRADLEY, Jodi B. Courtney, Carolyn C. Richardson, Chris J Watson, E. Keely, D. DeCurtis, M. Vaccarcello-Cruz, Zaira Torres, Kathryn Sandberg, Hwa‐Lin Hsiang, Binu Joy, David L. McCormick, Abigail E. Powell, Helen Jones, Jordana T. Bell, S. Hargadon, Sue M Hudson, Mirko Kummer, Sue Ellyn Sauder, Evelyn D. Sutton, Kathy Gensel, R. Aguirre-Castaneda, V. Benavides Lopez, D. Hemp, Simon M Allen, J. Stear, Elizabeth Ann Davis, Timothy William Jones, Amy E. Roberts, Julie Dart, Nirubasini Paramalingam, Lorraine E. Levitt Katz, N. Chaudhary, Kathryn M. Murphy, Steven Matthew Willi, B. Schwartzman, Chiraag Deepak Kapadia, DAVID L. LARSON, D. McClellan, G. Shaibai, L.A. Kelley, Giovanni Carlo Federico Villa, Casey J. Kelley, Rebekah Diamond, Mariam Kabbani, Tala Dajani, Franciska M. E. Hoekstra, M. Magorno, Jens Juul Holst, V. Chauhan, Nathaniel R. Wilson, Patricia Lynn Bononi, Matthias Sperl, Ann Millward, Mark H. Eaton, Larry S. Dean, Jerrold S. Olshan, Harmony Renna, C. Milliard, Denise Clutter Snyder, Shawn T. Beaman, Kerry J. Burch, John David Chester, Andrew Ahmann, Bethany Wollam, Donald DeFrang, ROSLYN HOLLY FITCH, Kristin Jahnke, Kathy Hanavan, Baylee Klopfenstein, Lionel Nicol, Richard W Bergstrom, Thomas L. Noland, J. Brodksy, Ludwing Bacon, Jose Bernardo Quintos, Lisa Swartz Topor, Shara R. Bialo, B Bancroft, A.G. Soto, W. H. Lagarde, Hillary Elizabeth Lockemer, Trisha N. Vanderploeg, Mohammed Auwal Ibrahim, Maryann L. Huie, V. Pérez Sánchez, Rachel Edelen, Rod Marchiando, James L. Palmer, T. Repas, Megan Wasson, P. Auker, James T. Culbertson, Timothy J. Kieffer, David R. Voorhees, Trista Borgwardt, L. DeRaad, Katrin Eckert, Erin Isaacson, H. Kühn, Andrew J. Carroll, Mirjam I. Schubert, Gillian E. Francis, Sean C. Hagan, Trang T. Le, Marc S. Penn, Edward D. Wickham, Carlos Rondón Leyva, K. Rivera, Jaume Padilla, Iria Beltrán Rodríguez, Nicholas Jospe, Joanna Czyżyk, Bruce D. Johnson, Ulhas M. Nadgir, NATALIE MARLEN, GNANAGURUDASAN PRAKASAM, C. Rieger, Nicole S. Glaser, E.C. Heiser, Barbara J. Harris, C. Foster, Hillarie Slater, Karen L. Wheeler, DAVID L. DONALDSON, M. Murray, Daniel Esten Hale, Robin E. Tragus, D.R. Word, Jane Lockwood Lynch, Lauren Pankratz, William John Rogers, Ron S. Newfield, S. Holland, Marla Hashiguchi, Michael Everett Gottschalk, A. Philis-Tsimikas, Rosario Rosal, Stephen Franklin, Sandra Guardado, Nancy J.V. Bohannon, M. Garcia, Tyler Aguinaldo, J. Phan, V. Barraza, Daniel Cohen, Jordan E. Pinsker, Umair Khan, John W. Wiley, L. Jovanovic, P. Misra, Mia Wright, Daniel Cohen, Kuo‐Yang Huang, Matthew L. Skiles, S. Maxcy, Catherine Pihoker, K. Cochrane, Jean-Philippe Fosse, Seán Kearns, Mary Klingsheim, Nicholas A. Wright, L. Viles, Holly Smith, Simon R. Heller, Mark O. Cunningham, Abigail M. Daniels, L. Zeiden, John K. Field, Rosie May Walker, Keith J. Griffin, Lynn Bartholow, Christopher S. Erickson, James Howard, B. Krabbenhoft, C.A. Sandman, A. Vanveldhuizen, J. Wurlger, Aaron Zimmerman, K. Hanisch, Laura Davis‐Keppen, Andrew M. Cotterill, Jacqueline Kirby, Maureen I Harris, Alexander H. Schmidt, Christopher M. Kishiyama, Carlos Flores, Joanne E. Milton, W. Martin, C. Whysham, A. Yerka, Timothy G. Freels, Jeanne M. Hassing, Jennifer Webster, R. Green, Paul Carter, John H. Galloway, David T. Hoelzer, Stephen D. Roberts, S Said, Patrick F. Sullivan, Holley F. Allen, Edward O. Reiter, Evan N. Feinberg, Corbin Johnson, LA Newhook, David T. Hagerty, N. White, Lucy A. Levandoski, Jennifer H. Kyllo, Matthew B. Johnson, Christine M. Benoit, Prasad G. Iyer, F Diamond, Hiroshi Hosono, Susan Herkender Jackman, Lauren Barette, Peter Brian Jones, Irene N. Sills, Suzan Bzdick, Jane Bulger, Ruth S. Weinstock, Isy Douek, Robert Charles Andrews, G. Modgill, G Györffy, L. Robin, Neel Vaidya, Simon Crouch, K. O’Brien, C. Thompson, N. Thorne, Joseph T. Blumer, J. Kalic, L. Klepek, Jany Paulett, B. Rosolowski, J. Horner, Michael T. Watkins, Joanne L. Casey, Keri L.H. Carpenter, Christine J. Burns, Jay R. Horton, Catrin A. Pritchard, D. Soetaert, Anthony G. Wynne, Kevin B. Kaiserman, Megan Halvorson, Chih‐Chien Chin, O.Y. Molina, Chirag J. Patel, Rosemary Noel Senguttuvan, Mark D. Wheeler, O. Furet, C. Steuhm, David H. Jelley, Sharnella Goudeau, Laura J. Chalmers, David Matthew Greer, Constadina Panagiotopoulos, Daniel L. Metzger, Danh V. Nguyen, M. Horowitz, MARK P. CHRISTIANSEN, E. Glades, Chiharu Morimoto, M. Macarewich, Robert John Norman, Kara Patin, Carlos A. Vargas, A. Barbanica, Andrew Yu, Pavanapuresan P. Vaidyanathan, William R. A. Osborne, Rohit S Mehra, S. Kaster, S. Neace, J. Horner, Geri C. Reeves, C. Cordrey, L. Marrs, Thomas P. Miller, Steven A. Dowshen, Donna Doyle, Steven Philip Walker, Daniel Catte, Heather Dean, M. Drury-Brown, B. W. Hackman, Mary Lee, Samir Malkani, Karen Weber Cullen, Kelly C. Johnson, Philip Jeremy Hampton, M. McCarrell, Charles J. C. Curtis, Esbjörn Paul, Yajaira Zambrano · 发表于：Diabetes Care · 年份：2018 · DOI：10.2337/dc18-0087 · 被引用次数：177 · 研究领域：Diabetes and associated disorders、Pancreatic function and diabetes、T-cell and B-cell Immunology

OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients’ relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2–51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial–Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% C...