Negative emissions—Part 3: Innovation and upscaling

作者：Gregory F. Nemet, Max Callaghan, Felix Creutzig, Sabine Fuss, Jens Hartmann, Jérôme Hilaire, William F. Lamb, Jan C. Minx, Sophia Rogers, Pete Smith · 发表于：Environmental Research Letters · 年份：2018 · DOI：10.1088/1748-9326/aabff4 · 被引用次数：348 · 研究领域：Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies、Air Quality and Health Impacts、Climate Change Policy and Economics

We assess the literature on innovation and upscaling for negative emissions technologies (NETs) using a systematic and reproducible literature coding procedure.To structure our review, we employ the framework of sequential stages in the innovation process, with which we code each NETs article in innovation space.We find that while there is a growing body of innovation literature on NETs, 59% of the articles are focused on the earliest stages of the innovation process, 'research and development' (R&D).The subsequent stages of innovation are also represented in the literature, but at much lower levels of activity than R&D.Distinguishing between innovation stages that are related to the supply of the technology (R&D, demonstrations, scale up) and demand for the technology (demand pull, niche markets, public acceptance), we find an overwhelming emphasis (83%) on the supply side.BECCS articles have an above average share of demand-side articles while direct air carbon capture and storage has a very low share.Innovation in NETs has much to learn from successfully diffused technologies; appealing to heterogeneous users, managing policy risk, as well as understanding and addressing public concerns are all crucial yet not well represented in the extant literature.Results from integrated assessment models show that while NETs play a key role in the second half of the 21st century for 1.5 • C and 2 • C scenarios, the major period of new NETs deployment is between 2030 and 2050.Given tha...