Developments in Biodosimetry Methods for Triage With a Focus on X-band Electron Paramagnetic Resonance In Vivo Fingernail Dosimetry

作者：Steven G Swarts, Jason W. Sidabras, Oleg Y. Grinberg, D. S. Tipikin, Maciej M. Kmieć, Sergey Petryakov, Wilson Schreiber, Victoria A. Wood, Benjamin B. Williams, Ann Barry Flood, Harold M. Swartz · 发表于：Health Physics · 年份：2018 · DOI：10.1097/hp.0000000000000874 · 被引用次数：27 · 研究领域：Radiation Effects and Dosimetry、Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research、Chemical Safety and Risk Management

Instrumentation and application methodologies for rapidly and accurately estimating individual ionizing radiation dose are needed for on-site triage in a radiological/nuclear event. One such methodology is an in vivo X-band, electron paramagnetic resonance, physically based dosimetry method to directly measure the radiation-induced signal in fingernails. The primary components under development are key instrument features, such as resonators with unique geometries that allow for large sampling volumes but limit radiation-induced signal measurements to the nail plate, and methodological approaches for addressing interfering signals in the nail and for calibrating dose from radiation-induced signal measurements. One resonator development highlighted here is a surface resonator array designed to reduce signal detection losses due to the soft tissues underlying the nail plate. Several surface resonator array geometries, along with ergonomic features to stabilize fingernail placement, have been tested in tissue-equivalent nail models and in vivo nail measurements of healthy volunteers using simulated radiation-induced signals in their fingernails. These studies demonstrated radiation-induced signal detection sensitivities and quantitation limits approaching the clinically relevant range of ≤ 10 Gy. Studies of the capabilities of the current instrument suggest that a reduction in the variability in radiation-induced signal measurements can be obtained with refinements to the surfac...