Genetic Dissection of Maize Embryonic Callus Regenerative Capacity Using Multi-Locus Genome-Wide Association Studies

作者：Langlang Ma, Min Liu, Yuanyuan Yan, Chunyan Qing, Xiaoling Zhang, Yanling Zhang, Yun Long, Lei Wang, Lang Pan, Chaoying Zou, Zhaoling Li, Yanli Wang, Huanwei Peng, Guangtang Pan, Jiang Zhou, Yaou Shen · 发表于：Frontiers in Plant Science · 年份：2018 · DOI：10.3389/fpls.2018.00561 · 被引用次数：92 · 研究领域：Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals、Chromosomal and Genetic Variations、Genetics and Plant Breeding

The regenerative capacity of the embryonic callus, a complex quantitative trait, is one of the main limiting factors for maize transformation. This trait was decomposed into five traits, namely, green callus rate (GCR), callus differentiating rate (CDR), callus plantlet number (CRN), callus rooting rate (CRR) and callus browning rate (CBR). To dissect the genetic foundation of maize transformation, in this study multi-locus genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for the five traits were performed in a population of 144 inbred lines genotyped with 43,427 SNPs. Using the phenotypic values in three environments and best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) values, as a result, a total of 127, 56, 160 and 130 significant quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) were identified by mrMLM, FASTmrEMMA, ISIS EM-BLASSO and pLARmEB, respectively. Of these QTNs, 63 QTNs were commonly detected, including 15 across multiple environments and 58 across multiple methods. Allele distribution analysis showed that the proportion of superior alleles for 36 QTNs was less than 50% in 31 elite inbred lines. Meanwhile, these superior alleles had obviously additive effect on the regenerative capacity. This indicates that the regenerative capacity-related traits can be improved by proper integration of the superior alleles using marker-assisted selection. Moreover, a total of 40 candidate genes were found based on these common QTNs. Some annotated genes were previously reported to relate with auxin transport...