Sustainable Conversion of Carbon Dioxide: An Integrated Review of Catalysis and Life Cycle Assessment

作者：Jens Artz, Thomas E. Müller, Katharina Thenert, Johanna Kleinekorte, Raoul Meys, André Sternberg, André Bardow, Walter Leitner · 发表于：Chemical Reviews · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00435 · 被引用次数：2425 · 研究领域：Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis、CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts、Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies

CO 2 conversion covers a wide range of possible application areas from fuels to bulk and commodity chemicals and even to specialty products with biological activity such as pharmaceuticals. In the present review, we discuss selected examples in these areas in a combined analysis of the state-of-the-art of synthetic methodologies and processes with their life cycle assessment. Thereby, we attempted to assess the potential to reduce the environmental footprint in these application fields relative to the current petrochemical value chain. This analysis and discussion differs significantly from a viewpoint on CO 2 utilization as a measure for global CO 2 mitigation. Whereas the latter focuses on reducing the end-of-pipe problem “CO 2 emissions” from todays’ industries, the approach taken here tries to identify opportunities by exploiting a novel feedstock that avoids the utilization of fossil resource in transition toward more sustainable future production. Thus, the motivation to develop CO 2 -based chemistry does not depend primarily on the absolute amount of CO 2 emissions that can be remediated by a single technology. Rather, CO 2 -based chemistry is stimulated by the significance of the relative improvement in carbon balance and other critical factors defining the environmental impact of chemical production in all relevant sectors in accord with the principles of green chemistry.