Canagliflozin for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events

作者：Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Bruce Neal, Vlado Perkovic, Dick de Zeeuw, Greg Fulcher, Ngozi Erondu, Wayne Shaw, Elisa Fabbrini, Tao Sun, Qiang Li, Mehul Desai, David R. Matthews · 发表于：Circulation · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.1161/circulationaha.117.032038 · 被引用次数：505 · 研究领域：Diabetes Treatment and Management、Pancreatic function and diabetes、Heart Failure Treatment and Management

Background: Canagliflozin is a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor that significantly reduces the composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and elevated cardiovascular risk. The comparative effects among participants with and without a history of cardiovascular disease (secondary versus primary prevention) were prespecified for evaluation. Methods: The CANVAS Program (Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study) randomly assigned 10 142 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus to canagliflozin or placebo. The primary prevention cohort comprised individuals ≥50 years of age with ≥2 risk factors for cardiovascular events but with no prior cardiovascular event, and the secondary prevention cohort comprised individuals ≥30 years of age with a prior cardiovascular event. The primary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke. Secondary outcomes included heart failure hospitalization and a renal composite (40% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate, renal replacement therapy, or renal death). Results: Primary prevention participants (N=3486; 34%) were younger (63 versus 64 years of age), were more often female (45% versus 31%), and had a longer duration of diabetes mellitus (14 versus 13 years) compared with secondary prevention participants (N=6656; 66%). The primary end point event rate was higher in the secondary pre...