Stay or go – how topographic complexity influences alpine plant population and community responses to climate change

作者：Bente J. Graae, Vigdis Vandvik, W. Scott Armbruster, Wolf L. Eiserhardt, Jens‐Christian Svenning, Kristoffer Hylander, Johan Ehrlén, James D. M. Speed, Kari Klanderud, Kari Anne Bråthen, Ann Milbau, Øystein H. Opedal, Inger Greve Alsos, Rasmus Ejrnæs, Hans Henrik Bruun, H. J. B. Birks, Kristine Bakke Westergaard, Hilary H. Birks, Jonathan Lenoir · 发表于：Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.1016/j.ppees.2017.09.008 · 被引用次数：231 · 研究领域：Species Distribution and Climate Change、Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies、Tree-ring climate responses

In the face of climate change, populations have two survival options − they can remain in situ and tolerate the new climatic conditions (“stay”), or they can move to track their climatic niches (“go”). For sessile and small-stature organisms like alpine plants, staying requires broad climatic tolerances, realized niche shifts due to changing biotic interactions, acclimation through plasticity, or rapid genetic adaptation. Going, in contrast, requires good dispersal and colonization capacities. Neither the magnitude of climate change experienced locally nor the capacities required for staying/going in response to climate change are constant across landscapes, and both aspects may be strongly affected by local microclimatic variation associated with topographic complexity. We combine ideas from population and community ecology to discuss the effects of topographic complexity in the landscape on the immediate “stay” or “go” opportunities of local populations and communities, and on the selective pressures that may have shaped the stay or go capacities of the species occupying contrasting landscapes. We demonstrate, using example landscapes of different topographical complexity, how species’ thermal niches could be distributed across these landscapes, and how these, in turn, may affect many population and community ecological processes that are related to adaptation or dispersal. Focusing on treeless alpine or Arctic landscapes, where temperature is expected to be a strong determ...