Electrospun Nanofibers: New Concepts, Materials, and Applications

作者：Jiajia Xue, Jingwei Xie, Wenying Liu, Younan Xia · 发表于：Accounts of Chemical Research · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00218 · 被引用次数：1189 · 研究领域：Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications、Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics、Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials

Conspectus Electrospinning is a simple and versatile technique that relies on the electrostatic repulsion between surface charges to continuously draw nanofibers from a viscoelastic fluid. It has been applied to successfully produce nanofibers, with diameters down to tens of nanometers, from a rich variety of materials, including polymers, ceramics, small molecules, and their combinations. In addition to solid nanofibers with a smooth surface, electrospinning has also been adapted to generate nanofibers with a number of secondary structures, including those characterized by a porous, hollow, or core–sheath structure. The surface and/or interior of such nanofibers can be further functionalized with molecular species or nanoparticles during or after an electrospinning process. In addition, electrospun nanofibers can be assembled into ordered arrays or hierarchical structures by manipulation of their alignment, stacking, and/or folding. All of these attributes make electrospun nanofibers well-suited for a broad spectrum of applications, including those related to air filtration, water purification, heterogeneous catalysis, environmental protection, smart textiles, surface coating, energy harvesting/conversion/storage, encapsulation of bioactive species, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Over the past 15 years, our group has extensively explored the use of electrospun nanofibers for a range of applications. Here we mainly focus on two examples: ( i ) u...