Recent advances on uric acid transporters

作者：Liuqing Xu, Yingfeng Shi, Shougang Zhuang, Na Liu · 发表于：Oncotarget · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.18632/oncotarget.20135 · 被引用次数：182 · 研究领域：Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid、Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects、Pharmacological Effects of Natural Compounds

// Liuqing Xu 1 , Yingfeng Shi 1 , Shougang Zhuang 1, 2 and Na Liu 1 1 Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China 2 Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02903, USA Correspondence to: Na Liu, email: naliubrown@163.com Keywords: hyperuricemia, uric acid transporter protein, structure and function Received: May 30, 2017      Accepted: July 29, 2017      Published: August 10, 2017 ABSTRACT Uric acid is the product of purine metabolism and its increased levels result in hyperuricemia. A number of epidemiological reports link hyperuricemia with multiple disorders, such as kidney diseases, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Recent studies also showed that expression and functional changes of urate transporters are associated with hyperuricemia. Uric acid transporters are divided into two categories: urate reabsorption transporters, including urate anion transporter 1 (URAT1), organic anion transporter 4 (OAT4) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), and urate excretion transporetrs, including OAT1, OAT3, urate transporter (UAT), multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4), ABCG-2 and sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein. In the kidney, uric acid transporters decrease the reabsorption of urate and increase its secretion. These transporters’ dysfunction would lead to hyperuricemia. As the func...