Interventions for preventing high altitude illness: Part 1. Commonly-used classes of drugs

作者：Víctor Hugo Nieto Estrada, Daniel Molano-Franco, Roger David Medina, Alejandro G Gonzalez Garay, Arturo J Martí-Carvajal, Ingrid Arévalo-Rodríguez · 发表于：Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.1002/14651858.cd009761.pub2 · 被引用次数：68 · 研究领域：High Altitude and Hypoxia、Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation、Neuroscience of respiration and sleep

BACKGROUND: High altitude illness (HAI) is a term used to describe a group of cerebral and pulmonary syndromes that can occur during travel to elevations above 2500 metres (8202 feet). Acute hypoxia, acute mountain sickness (AMS), high altitude cerebral oedema (HACE) and high altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) are reported as potential medical problems associated with high altitude. In this review, the first in a series of three about preventive strategies for HAI, we assess the effectiveness of six of the most recommended classes of pharmacological interventions. OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical effectiveness and adverse events of commonly-used pharmacological interventions for preventing acute HAI. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (OVID), Embase (OVID), LILACS and trial registries in January 2017. We adapted the MEDLINE strategy for searching the other databases. We used a combination of thesaurus-based and free-text terms to search. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized-controlled and cross-over trials conducted in any setting where commonly-used classes of drugs were used to prevent acute HAI. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures as expected by Cochrane. MAIN RESULTS: = 0%; 2 studies, 132 participants; low quality of evidence). Studies included did not report events of HAPE or HACE, and they did not find side effects (low quality of evidence). Dexamethasone versus pla...