Compatibility of Surfactants and Thermally Activated Persulfate for Enhanced Subsurface Remediation

作者：Li Wang, Libin Peng, Liling Xie, Peiyan Deng, Dayi Deng · 发表于：Environmental Science & Technology · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.1021/acs.est.6b05477 · 被引用次数：126 · 研究领域：Environmental Chemistry and Analysis、Advanced oxidation water treatment、Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants

Limited aqueous availability of hydrophobic organic contaminants and nonaqueous phase liquids in subsurface environment may seriously impair the effectiveness of traditional in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO). To tackle the issue, a combination of surfactants and thermally activated persulfate was proposed to enhance the aqueous availability and consequent oxidation of organic contaminants. The compatibility of eight representative nonionic, monovalent anionic, and divalent anionic surfactants with persulfate at various temperatures was first studied, to identify suitable surfactants that have high aqueous stability and low oxidant demands to couple with thermally activated persulfate. C 12 -MADS (sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate, a representative divalent anionic surfactant) stands out as the most compatible surfactant. Batch treatability study with coal tar, an example of challenging scenarios for traditional ISCO, was then conducted. The results show that C 12 -MADS can significantly enhance not only the oxidation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons contained in coal tar but also oxidant utilization efficiency, indicating the potential of the proposed coupling process for the treatment of organic contaminants with low aqueous availability.