Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases for 10 Causes, 1990 to 2015

作者：Gregory A. Roth, Catherine O. Johnson, Amanuel Alemu Abajobir, Foad Abd-Allah, Semaw Ferede Abera, Gebre Yitayih Abyu, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Baran Aksut, Shazia Alam, Khurshid Alam, François Alla, Nelson Alvis‐Guzmán, Stephen M. Amrock, Hossein Ansari, Johan Ärnlöv, Hamid Asayesh, Tesfay Mehari Atey, Leticia Ávila‐Burgos, Ashish Awasthi, Amitava Banerjee, Aleksandra Barać, Till Bärnighausen, Lars Barregård, Neeraj Bedi, Ezra B. Ketema, Derrick Bennett, Gebremedhin Berhe, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Shimelash Bitew Workie, Jonathan R. Carapetis, Juan Jesús Carrero, Déborah Carvalho Malta, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Jacqueline Castillo-Rivas, Ferrán Catalá-López, Jee-Young Choi, Hanne Christensen, Massimo Círillo, Leslie T. Cooper, Michael H Criqui, David K Cundiff, Albertino Damasceno, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Kairat Davletov, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Prabhakaran Dorairaj, Manisha Dubey, Rebecca Ehrenkranz, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Emerito Jose A Faraon, Alireza Esteghamati, Talha Farid, Maryam S. Farvid, Valery L. Feigin, Eric L. Ding, Gerry Fowkes, Tsegaye Gebrehiwot, Richard F Gillum, Audra L Gold, Philimon Gona, Rajeev Gupta, Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold, Nima Hafezi‐Nejad, Tesfayé Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa Hailu, Graeme J. Hankey, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Kalkidan Hassen Abate, Rasmus Havmoeller, Simon I Hay, Masako Horino, Peter J. Hotez, Kathryn H. Jacobsen, Spencer L James, Mehdi Javanbakht, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Denny John, Jost B. Jonas, Yogeshwar Kalkonde, Chanté Karimkhani, Amir Kasaeian, Yousef Khader, Abdur Rahman Khan, Young‐Ho Khang, Sahil Khera, Abdullah T Khoja, Jagdish Khubchandani, Daniel Kim, Dhaval Kolte, Soewarta Kosen, Kristopher J Krohn, G Anil Kumar, Gene F. Kwan, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Anders Larsson, Shai Linn, Alan D Lopez, Paulo A. Lotufo, Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek, Reza Malekzadeh, Mohsen Mazidi, Toni Meier, Kidanu Gebremariam Meles, George A. Mensah, Atte Meretoja, Haftay Berhane Mezgebe, Ted R. Miller, Erkin М Мirrakhimov, Shafiu Mohammed, Andrew Moran, Kamarul Imran Musa, Jagat Narula, Bruce Neal, Frida Ngalesoni, Grant Nguyen, Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer, Mayowa Owolabi, George Patton, João Mário Pedro, Dima M. Qato, Mostafa Qorbani, Kazem Rahimi, Rajesh Kumar, Salman Rawaf, Antônio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro, Saeid Safiri, Joshua A. Salomon, Itamar S Santos, Milena M Santric-Milicevic, Benn Sartorius, Aletta E. Schutte, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Masood Ali Shaikh, Min‐Jeong Shin, Mehdi H. Shishehbor, Hirbo Shore Roba, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Eugène Sobngwi, Saverio Stranges, Soumya Swaminathan, Rafael Tabarés‐Seisdedos, Niguse Tadele Atnafu, Fisaha Haile Tesfay, JS Thakur, Amanda G. Thrift, Roman Topór-Mądry, Thomas Truelsen, Stefanos Tyrovolas, Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja, Olalekan A. Uthman, Tommi Vasankari, Vasily Vlassov, Stein Emil Vollset, Tolassa Wakayo, David Watkins, Robert Weintraub, Andrea Werdecker, Ronny Westerman, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Charles Wolfe, Abdulhalik Workicho, Gelin Xu, Yuichiro Yano, Paul Yip, Naohiro Yonemoto, Mustafa Z Younis, Chuanhua Yu, Theo Vos, Mohsen Naghavi, Christopher J L Murray · 发表于：Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.052 · 被引用次数：3900 · 研究领域：Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors、Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins、Cardiac Health and Mental Health

BACKGROUND: The burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains unclear in many regions of the world. OBJECTIVES: The GBD (Global Burden of Disease) 2015 study integrated data on disease incidence, prevalence, and mortality to produce consistent, up-to-date estimates for cardiovascular burden. METHODS: CVD mortality was estimated from vital registration and verbal autopsy data. CVD prevalence was estimated using modeling software and data from health surveys, prospective cohorts, health system administrative data, and registries. Years lived with disability (YLD) were estimated by multiplying prevalence by disability weights. Years of life lost (YLL) were estimated by multiplying age-specific CVD deaths by a reference life expectancy. A sociodemographic index (SDI) was created for each location based on income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility. RESULTS: In 2015, there were an estimated 422.7 million cases of CVD (95% uncertainty interval: 415.53 to 427.87 million cases) and 17.92 million CVD deaths (95% uncertainty interval: 17.59 to 18.28 million CVD deaths). Declines in the age-standardized CVD death rate occurred between 1990 and 2015 in all high-income and some middle-income countries. Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of CVD health lost globally, as well as in each world region, followed by stroke. As SDI increased beyond 0.25, the highest CVD mortality shifted from women to men. CVD mortality decreased sharply for both sexes in countries with...