A Robust and Conductive Black Tin Oxide Nanostructure Makes Efficient Lithium‐Ion Batteries Possible

作者：Wujie Dong, Feng Xu, Chao Wang, Yue Lu, Xiangye Liu, Xin Wang, Xiaotao Yuan, Zhe Wang, Tianquan Lin, Manling Sui, I‐Wei Chen, Fuqiang Huang · 发表于：Advanced Materials · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.1002/adma.201700136 · 被引用次数：262 · 研究领域：Advancements in Battery Materials、Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies、Extraction and Separation Processes

SnO2‐based lithium‐ion batteries have low cost and high energy density, but their capacity fades rapidly during lithiation/delithiation due to phase aggregation and cracking. These problems can be mitigated by using highly conducting black SnO2−x, which homogenizes the redox reactions and stabilizes fine, fracture‐resistant Sn precipitates in the Li2O matrix. Such fine Sn precipitates and their ample contact with Li2O proliferate the reversible Sn → Li xSn → Sn → SnO2/SnO2−x cycle during charging/discharging. SnO2−x electrode has a reversible capacity of 1340 mAh g−1 and retains 590 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. The addition of highly conductive, well‐dispersed reduced graphene oxide further stabilizes and improves its performance, allowing 950 mAh g−1 remaining after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g−1 with 700 mAh g−1 at 2.0 A g−1. Conductivity‐directed microstructure development may offer a new approach to form advanced electrodes.