Forgotten fungi—the gut mycobiome in human health and disease

作者：Chloe E. Huseyin, Paul William O’Toole, Paul D. Cotter, Pauline Deirdre Scanlan · 发表于：FEMS Microbiology Reviews · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.1093/femsre/fuw047 · 被引用次数：285 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications、Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions

The human body is home to a complex and diverse microbial ecosystem that plays a central role in host health. This includes a diversity of fungal species that is collectively referred to as our 'mycobiome'. Although research into the mycobiome is still in its infancy, its potential role in human disease is increasingly recognised. Here we review the existing literature available on the human mycobiota with an emphasis on the gut mycobiome, including how fungi interact with the human host and other microbes. In doing so, we provide a comprehensive critique of the methodologies available to research the human mycobiota as well as highlighting the latest research findings from mycological surveys of different groups of interest including infants, obese and inflammatory bowel disease cohorts. This in turn provides new insights and directions for future studies in this burgeoning research area.