Contraceptive Practice in sub‐Saharan Africa

作者：AMY ONG TSUI, Win Brown, Qingfeng Li · 发表于：Population and Development Review · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.1111/padr.12051 · 被引用次数：256 · 研究领域：Global Maternal and Child Health、Reproductive Health and Contraception、Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Issues

In 1959, George Murdock, a well-known academic anthropologist, published Africa: Its Peoples and Their Culture History, a comprehensive ethnographic survey and an inventory of some 5,000 tribal names.Murdock grouped the continent's 1,267 ethnic divisions into 186 cultural "provinces." 1 The demographer Frank Lorimer, reviewing Murdock's book in 1960, noted the spatial variation in ethnic clustering and its implications for population diversity and growth.The visually striking coloration of the ethnographic map brings to mind lessons learned from the European fertility transition, in which rates fell more quickly along linguistic, cultural, and spatial lines than along social structural ones.By implication, Africa's ethnogeographic boundaries up to the second half of the twentieth century would not likely have accelerated the spread of ideation conducive to reduced fertility or the adoption of modern contraceptive methods.Rather, such divergent ideas and practices, when present, likely were insulated within the many ethno-linguistic clusters and had limited transmissibility.With the added legacy of colonial languages of English, French, and Portuguese, the spread and diffusion of ideas may only have been accelerated after the introduction of electronic mass media, telecommunication channels, and improved road and transportation systems.Today Africa is comprised of 54 sovereign nations, six of which are in northern Africa and the balance in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).Under the Af...