“Industrie 4.0” and Smart Manufacturing – A Review of Research Issues and Application Examples

作者：Klaus‐Dieter Thoben, Stefan Wiesner, Thorsten Wuest, Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, · 发表于：International Journal of Automation Technology · 年份：2017 · DOI：10.20965/ijat.2017.p0004 · 被引用次数：1133 · 研究领域：Digital Transformation in Industry、Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems、IoT and Edge/Fog Computing

A fourth industrial revolution is occurring in global manufacturing. It is based on the introduction of Internet of things and servitization concepts into manufacturing companies, leading to vertically and horizontally integrated production systems. The resulting smart factories are able to fulfill dynamic customer demands with high variability in small lot sizes while integrating human ingenuity and automation. To support the manufacturing industry in this conversion process and enhance global competitiveness, policy makers in several countries have established research and technology transfer schemes. Most prominently, Germany has enacted its Industrie 4.0 program, which is increasingly affecting European policy, while the United States focuses on smart manufacturing . Other industrial nations have established their own programs on smart manufacturing, notably Japan and Korea. This shows that manufacturing intelligence has become a crucial topic for researchers and industries worldwide. The main object of these activities are the so-called cyber-physical systems (CPS): physical entities (e.g., machines, vehicles, and work pieces), which are equipped with technologies such as RFIDs, sensors, microprocessors, telematics or complete embedded systems. They are characterized by being able to collect data of themselves and their environment, process and evaluate these data, connect and communicate with other systems, and initiate actions. In addition, CPS enabled new services tha...