Life history and status of Shortnose Sturgeon ( Acipenser brevirostrum LeSueur, 1818)

作者：Boyd Kynard, Stephania K. Bolden, Micah Kieffer, Matthew Collins, Harold M. Brundage, Eric J. Hilton, Matthew K. Litvak, Michael T. Kinnison, Timothy King, D. Peterson · 发表于：Journal of Applied Ichthyology · 年份：2016 · DOI：10.1111/jai.13244 · 被引用次数：39 · 研究领域：Fish Ecology and Management Studies、Genetic diversity and population structure、Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior

Shortnose Sturgeon = SNS (Acipenser brevirostrum) is a small diadromous species with most populations living in large Atlantic coast rivers and estuaries of North America from New Brunswick, Canada, to GA, USA. There are no naturally land-locked populations, so all populations require access to fresh water and salt water to complete a natural life cycle. The species is amphidromous with use of fresh water and salt water (the estuary) varied across the species range, a pattern that may reflect whether freshwater or saltwater habitats provide optimal foraging and growth conditions. Migration is a dominant behaviour during life history, beginning when fish are hatchling free embryos (southern SNS) or larvae (northeastern and far northern SNS). Migration continues by juveniles and non-spawning adult life stages on an individual time schedule with fish moving between natal river and estuary to forage or seek refuge, and by spawning adults migrating to and from riverine spawning grounds. Coastal movements by adults throughout the range (but particularly in the Gulf of Maine = GOM and among southern rivers) suggest widespread foraging, refuge use, and widespread colonization of new rivers. Colonization may also be occurring in the Potomac River, MD–VA–DC (mid-Atlantic region). Genetic studies (mtDNA and nDNA) identified distinct individual river populations of SNS, and recent range-wide nDNA studies identified five distinct evolutionary lineages of SNS in the USA: a northern metapop...