Integrin-mediated mechanotransduction

作者：Zhiqi Sun, Shengzhen Guo, Reinhard Fässler · 发表于：The Journal of Cell Biology · 年份：2016 · DOI：10.1083/jcb.201609037 · 被引用次数：1098 · 研究领域：Cellular Mechanics and Interactions、Cell Adhesion Molecules Research、Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications

Cells can detect and react to the biophysical properties of the extracellular environment through integrin-based adhesion sites and adapt to the extracellular milieu in a process called mechanotransduction. At these adhesion sites, integrins connect the extracellular matrix (ECM) with the F-actin cytoskeleton and transduce mechanical forces generated by the actin retrograde flow and myosin II to the ECM through mechanosensitive focal adhesion proteins that are collectively termed the "molecular clutch." The transmission of forces across integrin-based adhesions establishes a mechanical reciprocity between the viscoelasticity of the ECM and the cellular tension. During mechanotransduction, force allosterically alters the functions of mechanosensitive proteins within adhesions to elicit biochemical signals that regulate both rapid responses in cellular mechanics and long-term changes in gene expression. Integrin-mediated mechanotransduction plays important roles in development and tissue homeostasis, and its dysregulation is often associated with diseases.