The Embryology of Dacus tryoni (Frogg.) [Diptera, Trypetidae (= Tephritidae)], the Queensland Fruit-Fly

作者：Donald Thomas Anderson · 发表于：Development · 年份：1962 · DOI：10.1242/dev.10.3.248 · 被引用次数：44 · 研究领域：Insect behavior and control techniques、Insect-Plant Interactions and Control、Insect Resistance and Genetics

ABSTRACT The egg of D. tryoni undergoes 7 synchronous nuclear cleavages before 90 nuclei invade the surface. The surface nuclei then undergo 6 further synchronous cleavages and a blastoderm of 5,800 cells is formed. The 38 nuclei remaining in the yolk divide synchronously three times to give about 300 primary vitellophages. At the posterior pole 4 pole cells are cut off, dividing synchronously three times to give 32. 2-5 nuclei at the posterior pole form secondary vitellophages. Gastrulation, involving invagination of anterior and posterior mid-gut rudiments, is accompanied by invagination of mesoderm mid-ventrally and of pole cells and proctodaeum posteriorly. The dorsal blastoderm thins to extraembryonic ectoderm, displaced laterally as the germ-band elongates during gastrulation. Elongation takes place mainly posterior to a temporary cephalic furrow, behind which a second transverse and four further pairs of temporary lateral folds form. Most of the vitellophages migrate to the yolk surface to form a nucleated yolk sac. Organogeny is accompanied by segmentation, shortening of the germband, dorsal closure, and involution of the head. The gut develops from stomodaeum, proctodaeum, and anterior and posterior mid-gut rudiments. Malpighian tubules arise as outgrowths of the proctodaeum, salivary glands as ventrolateral ectodermal plates on the labial segment. The paired mesodermal bands do not segment. Splanchnic mesoderm gives rise to visceral musculature, somatic to segmental...